Instructions for obtaining distilled water.

Housewives and motorists know firsthand what distilled water is. It is used for refueling irons and vacuum cleaners to avoid the appearance of scale and salt deposits. Car owners also know about it. After all, it is with distillate that solutions for batteries are prepared.

Distilled water is a liquid free from organic and mineral impurities. It is used in the chemical industry, in medicine, for refueling irons and windshield wipers. This water is considered "dead" because it is completely devoid of impurities.

Scope of application:

• Car enthusiasts... It is used for filling in windshield wipers and batteries
• Housewives. Used in steam generators, steam cleaners and steaming irons
• Medicine. Used to prepare a variety of solutions
• Chemical industry. All laboratory tests are carried out with distilled water. Solutions are prepared from it and the dishes are rinsed.

The chemical formula is the same as that of ordinary water H2O. Due to the absence of impurities and ions, it freezes at temperatures below normal tap water. This value is -1-2 ° C. Due to its low mineral content, the distillate is a weak conductor of electrical current. That is, the electrolyte from such a liquid is very weak.

It is difficult to say about the benefits and dangers of distillate. As ordinary drinking water, it should not be used for a long time. This is due to the lack of minerals in the composition.

Distilled water differs in composition from drinking and boiled water. Normal tap water contains a decent amount of mineral impurities. They form hardness, which causes limescale to form. Boiled water contains less mineral impurities, and part of bacteria and viruses are destroyed by boiling. This water cannot be considered clean. But it is completely drinkable.

In general, this water is of little use for drinking. Of course, this is better than an incomprehensible liquid from a well in a polluted area. A number of studies were carried out in 1980. Scientists have found that with the constant use of distilled water, diuresis and impaired renal function are possible. In addition, the salt balance in the body is disturbed. This is due to the fact that the distillate contains no metal ions necessary for the functioning of the body.

Why do human erythrocytes burst and die in distilled water?

This is due to the different concentration of salts inside the erythrocytes. According to the laws of physics, a liquid with a lower salt content penetrates a liquid with a higher ion content. Because of this, the erythrocyte membrane cannot withstand and bursts.

This is due to the fact that the amoeba is a living organism. It contains contractile vacuoles that remove excess fluid from the body.

Distillate use:

• In medicine, distilled water is used to prepare saline solutions, glucose solution and many aqueous solutions of antibiotics.
• In everyday life, distillate is used for refueling irons, steam cleaners and vacuum cleaners.
• The distillate is used to prepare electrolyte in batteries. You cannot use tap water, as it will change the conductivity of the liquid.

There are many ways to make distilled water. Of course, in its composition and properties, it will differ from the distillate obtained in a special apparatus. But the resulting liquid will be quite suitable for preparing an electrolyte solution or pouring into a steam cleaner.

Many car enthusiasts advise using rain water instead of distillate to refuel batteries. Its composition depends on the area. Moreover, it can hardly be called clean. Therefore, for additional cleaning, it needs to be defended for a day. Drain half of the top and use for refueling. What is below, pour out, it is not suitable. Snow distillate can be obtained by thawing and boiling it. Snow contains even more impurities than tap water.

How to get distilled water from the air conditioner by evaporation, freezing?

There are several options for obtaining distillate.

Distillate production methods:

• Freezing. Collect rainwater or snow in a container and place it in the freezer. When half of the liquid is frozen, remove it from the freezer. Pour out what is not frozen. Thaw what is left and use it as directed.
• Condensation. In general, it is better to use a moonshine still for these purposes. The condensation will drain into the container where the alcohol used to drain. Distilled ordinary tap water.

There are many ways to check your distillate. To do this, laboratories use pH meters, chlorimeters and reagents. There is no such equipment at home. Despite this, there are options.

Distilled water test methods:

• Electrical conductivity. To do this, you need to assemble the simplest electrical circuit. It consists of batteries, light bulbs and wires. Since there are no ions in the distillate, it does not conduct electricity. Therefore, when the contacts are immersed in water, the light will not light. If immersed in ordinary tap water, the lamp will light up.
• Indicators. They are sold at the pharmacy, these are ordinary strips impregnated with an indicator. The pH of the distillate is 5.5-6.6. And ordinary tap water is 7.0-7.5.

What can replace distilled water?

Distilled water replacement options:

• Frozen water thawed water
• Settled water
• Filtered water

Of course, in composition, these liquids differ from the distillate, but in the absence, these liquids are suitable for watering predatory plants or for refueling steam cleaners.

Distilled water can be stored in sealed containers for a very long time. It is important that dust and debris does not get into it, as well as protect it from light. She has a shelf life and is considered; it cannot be stored for more than a year. For technical purposes, the shelf life can be from 3 to 5 years, for food - a year.

Distillate purchase options:

• Pharmacy
• Water treatment companies
• Chemical laboratories
• Auto shops
• Household appliances stores

As you can see, distilled water is significantly different in composition from tap and purified water. Therefore, it is recommended to use a distillate in electrical appliances.

VIDEO: Methods for obtaining distilled water

Distilled water is usually obtained by distilling ordinary raw water in a special apparatus - a distiller. However, there are other ways to obtain distilled water, which should not be forgotten. So, let's get to know them.

What is needed to get distilled water?

In the tropics, water placed in shallow trays is heated by the sun's heat, thereby creating a greenhouse effect leading to condensation of water vapor. Typically, such installations are located in coastal tropical areas. There is nothing complicated in the distillation process itself, but if it is organized on a solid industrial scale, then many problems arise.

In relatively small quantities, distilled water is usually obtained in a separate room (cocktoria or still room). Sometimes they use a separate place, fenced off to the very ceiling. It is forbidden to carry out any work in these premises that is not related to the distillation of water.

If it is not possible to use a separate room to obtain distilled water, then the receiver for collecting distilled water (distillate) is isolated so that outside impurities (microorganisms and dust particles contained in the air) cannot get into it. This is not difficult to achieve - the receiver is placed in a glass box painted with white oil paint (on the inside and outside).

The constituent parts of the distillation apparatus are usually of the same type. This is a boiler (otherwise - a cube or chamber for evaporation), a steam outlet (helmet and connecting pipes) and a condenser (also known as a refrigerator). The level of water in the boiler is monitored using a special water gauge glass. The distillate (purified water) enters the receiver, which is usually used as a glass bottle.

Distillation devices can have various designs (circulation (continuous) and batch). They can use various heating methods (using wood, kerosene, electricity or gas).

Obtaining distilled water at home

At home, distilled water can easily be obtained using (optionally) any of the methods described below (naturally, on a much smaller scale, in comparison with the methods discussed above).

The first option for obtaining purified water is sedimentation. We collect ordinary water (from the tap) into the container of the volume we need (open is important). We leave it to stand for a couple of hours (the goal is to get rid of hydrogen sulfide and chlorine). If you wait about six hours, then metal salts and impurities will settle to the bottom. The ideal time for this method of obtaining purified water can be considered a day. But the obtained water can be considered with distilled water with a stretch (you should not use the precipitate, it is better to drain it).

The next option for water purification is evaporation. This procedure will require a little more effort from you. For 24 hours, tap water should settle. Then pour it into a saucepan placed on the stove. After boiling the water, place a pan with a smaller diameter. The entire structure is covered with a lid. The water starts to boil, the vapors collect on the lid (this is already purified water), and then drip directly into a small saucepan.

Another option for obtaining distilled water is freezing. Pour water into a plastic bottle and place it in the freezer (in winter you can go to the balcony). The water freezes halfway - you take out the bottle and drain the water from there (it contains unnecessary impurities). After thawing the ice left in the bottle, you get purified water.

If you are worried that tap water may not be safe to drink, or you are out in nature and you are running out of drinking water, then this guide is for you! Find out where to get distilled water, how to distill it in the kitchen using a saucepan and ice. No need to create a laboratory and buy fancy equipment. This method can be easily adapted for use both at home and outdoors.

Distilled water not only prevents the formation of mineral deposits in mechanisms and batteries, but also converts water from any source, be it river, sea, salt or even urine, into clean water for drinking. Distillation will remove bacteria, viruses, heavy metals, radionuclides, organic and inorganic inclusions, leaving everything unnecessary aside and leaving clean water.

Distillation can be seen in nature, when the sun heats liquids on the surface of the earth, they turn into steam and rise into the air, forming clouds and leaving all impurities below. In the upper atmosphere, the temperature drops and the liquid cools down, turning into droplets. Then, when precipitation falls as rain, the cycle starts over.

Various methods can be used for distillation. Essentially, distillation entails boiling water to create steam in order to leave any impurities that have a higher boiling point. Once the water has boiled, the steam is placed in a clean container where it condenses back into a clean one. Thus, simple boiling does not distill it, but only removes some of the toxins.

There is a debate about whether drinking distilled water, prepared at home for drinking in large quantities, is good for the body. Some argue that, since distillation removes absolutely all impurities, there are also no inclusions that are potentially useful for the body. However, some studies have shown that potentially beneficial minerals are unlikely to be absorbed by the human body.

Step 1: Materials

To get distilled water with your own hands, you will need:

A deep saucepan with a lid that will be concave when turned upside down (i.e., dome-shaped if you put the lid on correctly). It will be used to hold ice.

Ice. Its amount varies depending on the outside temperature and the amount of boiling water. If you don't have ice, that's okay, it's just that the condensation process will take longer.

A glass bowl that will float inside the pot. Depending on how far the bowl is submerged, you will need to make sure the distilled water does not completely drown it. You will see the process as the distilled water flows into the bowl.

Step 2: fill the pot and heat

Fill a saucepan with much more water than you want to distill and place over medium heat.

Step 3: receiving bowl and lid

Place the glass bowl in the pot, making sure it floats well and won't sink if some water builds up in it.

Place the lid upside down on a saucepan.

Step 4: ice

Once you've placed the lid on the pan, place ice on top. The amount of ice depends on the size of the lid; as it melts, replace the melted ice with a new one.

Ice is needed in order to cool the distillate and increase its condensation rate. You can make water without ice, but it will take longer.

Step 5: Condensate formation

If you lift the lid, you will see small drops of water forming and falling into the glass bowl. On the second, it is difficult to see, but the drops formed a mini-lake in a glass bowl. You will observe an amazing process, a small ecosystem living on its own.

Step 6: remove from heat and store

Whenever you come to the conclusion that your glass bowl is incapable of holding more water and will soon sink, carefully remove it from the pot and drain the water into a clean glass container.

Enjoy your new skill of making freshly steamed distilled water!

Distilled water is a clear liquid that does not contain any impurities. It is mainly used in industry, medicine, but sometimes it is very necessary in everyday life. For example, for aquarium, iron, air humidifier, car battery. And the question often arises - where to get distilled water? After all, few people know how to get it yourself at home.

Complex and costly methods are only suitable for the laboratory. An ordinary person sometimes needs to quickly navigate and get a distillate using the means at hand. Of course, in quality it will differ from that obtained by industrial or laboratory methods, but it is quite suitable for domestic needs.

Preliminary preparation

Before making distilled water at home, you need to do some preparation, since first it needs to be defended.

How to get settled water correctly:

1. Pour regular tap water into a clean container.
2. It is not recommended to close the container with a lid, but you need to make sure that no debris gets inside.
3. The container with liquid must not be moved during the settling process.

The whole process takes about a day. After settling impurities and salts settle to the bottom of the container, so you need to pour no more than стоя parts of the settled liquid into a clean dish. It is she who will be suitable for distillation.

Distillate production methods

By heating or evaporation

The essence is very simple - you need to collect steam, which will be the distillate. This method is as follows:

1. Pour standing water into a large fireproof dish (saucepan).
2. Put a smaller container in this dish (preferably glass and high). The edges of this container must be above the water level so that it does not get inside. If this cannot be achieved, then a special grate should be placed on the bottom of a large container (usually such grates are used in microwave ovens or ovens).
3. Then you need to wait until the liquid boils.
4. To cover with a lid. Better to cover upside down, i.e. handle down, and use a cone-shaped lid.
5. The steam from the boil will collect on the lid and then drain into a container that floats or stands on a wire rack inside a large pot.
6. The process can be sped up a little by putting ice in the lid. Condensation will then accumulate faster.
7. It is imperative to control the process in order to avoid fire.

One of the ways to get distilled water is in this video.

Refrigeration or freezing

This method is pretty simple:

1. Pour settled water into a plastic or glass bottle. For freezing, you can also use special forms for making ice.
2. Put in the freezer for a while, depending on the size of the container.
3. Check the freezing process periodically. It is necessary that half of the total volume freezes.
4. Pour the unfrozen liquid and thaw the ice. This will be the distillate.

This method can be explained very simply: pure water freezes much faster than water with various salts and chemicals.

Natural ways

Few people know that you can get distillate using snow and raindrops as a resource. These are some of the simplest methods, but they cannot be applied in every territory. The fact is that in industrial zones and large cities, raindrops and snow will be very dirty, so these methods, if necessary, are best used outside the city.

The method of obtaining clean water from rainfall is as follows: put a large container in the rain and let the collected raindrops settle for two days. The resulting liquid will be clean and drinkable. It should only be taken into account that it is better not to collect the first drops, since they are considered the dirtiest.

You can get distillate from snow in this way: you need to collect snow in a clean container, and then melt it over a fire or let it melt on its own. The resulting liquid should be defended according to the method described above, and it will be ready for use.

Using an air conditioner

If distilled water is required in the summer, it can be obtained from the condensate formed during the operation of the air conditioner. The dripping condensate needs to be collected - this will be the distillate.

In laboratory conditions

This method is suitable for those who are not looking for easy ways, as it is quite difficult. In addition, you need to have two glass bottles available: with a regular straight neck and a slightly curved one. The curved neck is designed to prevent backflow of distillate into another bottle.

Apply this method as follows:

1. It is imperative to sterilize glass bottles.
2. A bottle with a straight neck should be filled with water, better settled, to 2/3 of its volume.
3. Then connect the bottles using any duct tape. The connection must be strong and tight.
4. Place the filled bottle in a container (pot) with water, bring the container to a boil. The bottle must be completely submerged in the pot (excluding the area where it connects to another bottle).
5. After boiling, turn the bottle in the container (saucepan) at a small angle (about 30-40 degrees).
6. Ice should be placed on the second bottle to speed up the steam condensation time.

Pure condensation will accumulate on the cold area of \u200b\u200bthe bottle and drain inside.

Water storage

The resulting distillate can be stored for quite a long time. It is recommended to use glass bottles for this. The shelf life is unlimited and depends on the tightness and sterility of the container, as well as the composition of the distillate itself. If the quality of the distillate is high, then it can be stored even for years.

As you can see, the methods for obtaining distilled water are varied in terms of the degree of complexity and the duration of the process. Anyone, if necessary, can use the described methods and get clean water for domestic needs.

Video

This video will show you how to get quality water at home.

Well, we figured it out - (whether from a tap, filter, or boiled) into the battery CANNOT be (this will lead to his death). You tell me - that you can buy distilled in a car shop, pharmacy, and in large retail chains and add as much as you need. This is true, but now there are a lot of fakes on the markets, my readers write to me about this (sellers can pour “regular from the tap” into bottles and you won't know about it), and then the battery breaks down again. Therefore, today we will make a distillate with our own hands at home, and it can be made very easily and quickly, and most importantly, almost free of charge, without any special devices for distillation. As usual there will be text version + video ...

It is worth noting that today we will not only be a manufacturer of distilled water, but we will also check it in a fairly simple way, again without having practically any specialized testers and other things. Well let's go.

Distillate and bidistillate

As I already wrote in the article (you can follow the link above), ordinary water is not suitable for our battery. Nevertheless, it is full of various impurities (salts, minerals, metals, etc.), all this adversely affects the operation of the battery as a whole (up to the point that the plates can collapse and interconnect). Therefore, it is worth using distilled water (also called - distillate ) there are practically no impurities in it and it is it that is needed to prepare the electrolyte.

However, there is another concept, bidistillate - this is already a specially purified liquid, which is obtained as a result of double distillation of distilled water and, preferably, using glassware (metal is not used, because it can leave "traces"). This water is used mainly in medicine, in the preparation of reagents in chemistry.

For the battery, you can also use bidistillate (for him, this will only be a plus), but ordinary distillate is also suitable, yet the difference between them is not so global.

How to get distilled water

As we know from physics, water has three states: gaseous (vapor), liquid and solid (snow or ice). So, when heated and then evaporated, the purest substance is released. This is due to the fact that - salts, metals, minerals do not evaporate and settle at the bottom of the vessel.

Thus, if you "collect steam", it will be the distillate. It only remains to do this, well, as I think it is not so difficult (there are several fairly easy ways). All "moonshine" devices work according to this principle. This is the easiest and most efficient way.

Do it yourself at home

Well, let's move on to manufacturing. What we need: - regular glass glasses. Desirable 4 large (beer is suitable) - they are needed for steam condensation, and one usual for collection. Well, and of course the main culprit is the kettle that needs to be put on the stove.

INSTRUCTIONS :

• First, we need to wash all the glasses well, we do it under ordinary tap water, wash off all stains and so on, so that they are really clean. BUT no need to wipe inside - this is important! Any rag will not be perfectly clean, it will leave a bunch of different sediment on the walls (which you will not even see with your eyes)

• Pour water from an ordinary tap, let it stand for about an hour or two (it is necessary for chlorine and hydrogen sulfide to evaporate). If the kettle was on the stove (boiled water), then this is even better, which means that chlorine has not been there for a long time. Turn on the stove and let the kettle boil.
• Now we remove all sorts of "whistles" and so on from the nose so that the steam comes out and nothing bothers it. We pour this steam over the insides of our glasses - ALL! Drops should collect on the walls, which will flow down, hold it for a minute so that this steam removes all sediment from the walls. Now all our glasses are all clean (by the way, we need to "pour over" the container, where we will collect distilled water later).
• Next, 4 large glasses, put to cool on the balcony so that they are right here cold.
• After they have cooled down, we start the kettle again so that the steam comes out, we put it on the middle position so that the steam is intense, but so that there is not so much. Down under the "spout" we put a glass (or container) into which we will collect. Now, one by one, we bring large glasses above the spout, drops begin to form on the walls and they will flow down in a stream (into our container).

• I will immediately answer why exactly 4 pieces, but simply because the glasses are warming up, they are inconvenient to hold, and the process of condensation in hot ones is not so effective. Therefore, you need to alternately bring one or the other (while the rest are cooling). Thus, the steam that condenses and enters the lower vessel is the distillate.
• In half an hour, you can collect about 250 grams, which is enough to add to the battery.

Of course, this is not an industrial production, but you are sure that this is not a fake and you will not kill your battery.

How to test distilled water

Manufacturing is certainly good, but we need to be sure that we really get a distillate, because if there are additives, this will negatively affect our battery.

The verification is not really difficult, from the physics course we remember that in distilled water, there are no impurities - salts, minerals, metals and others. This means that it practically does not conduct electric current.

To check, we need a wire, a light bulb connected to it (that is, in a socket), well, and a "plug" into a 220V outlet (of course, remember about safety precautions, this is a must). We cut one wire (make a break), expose the two ends - if you bridged them, the light will be on. If you put them in plain water (from the tap), the light will also be on.

BUT HERE IF it is lowered into "distillate" then the lamp will not burn.