Member of the Mongolian neo-Nazi group Tsagaan Hass (White Swastika) at headquarters in Ulan Bator. In Mongolia, there are more and more supporters of the radical ultranationalist group “Tsagaan Hass”, which means “White Swastika”. They honor Adolf Hitler and wear the attributes of the Third Reich, respecting the German National Socialists for their loyalty to ethnic purity. The members of the Tsagaan Hass claim that they value Hitler only for ideology, and not for unleashing World War II. They meet each other by raising their right hands to the sun and saying, “Heil Hitler!” At the same time, they assure that they are against violence. Nevertheless, the Chinese often inherit from radical nationalists. It is to the millions of Chinese who come to Mongolian cities that Mongolia owes the appearance of groups like the Tsagaan Hass. And this is not the only ultranationalist association in the country. In addition, Tsagaan Hass is strongly opposed by interracial marriages. Some of them even urge to shave bald women who married the Chinese, for "betrayal of the interests of the nation." “We are forced to fight for the purity of the blood of our nation. This is the key to our independence. If we start to mix with the Chinese, they will slowly swallow us up, ”says one of the Tsagaan Hass leaders, nicknamed Big Brother. Today, the group includes about three thousand people.
The leader of the Mongolian neo-Nazi group Tsagaan Hass (White Swastika).

Tattooed member of a group of Mongolian skinheads during a training session in the gym.

The leaders of the neo-Nazi group "Tsagaan Hass" ("White Swastika").
The leaders of the group next to the monument to the Mongolian national hero Chingunzhava.

At the construction site in Ulan Bator.
Swastika on the car seat of the leader of the group.
A painting of the Mongolian national hero Genghis Khan at the headquarters of the Tsagaan Hass group.
The leader of the Tsagaan Hass group at headquarters.
Members of the group hang portraits of Mongolian heroes at headquarters.
The leader of the Tsagaan Hass group passes by the underwear store, leaving the headquarters.


A member of the group stands next to the tent in the quarry.

Open calls
A street art genre such as graffiti is not very common in Ulaanbaatar. The inscriptions and drawings on buildings and fences are mainly applied by Mongolian teenagers from among those who listen to hip-hop. But in the last two or three years on the walls of houses in the Mongolian capital, you can increasingly see swastikas and slogans like “Shoot the Chinese!” and "All Chinese must die!"

The authorship of the inscriptions belongs to members of the Mongolian National Union (MNS), a neo-Nazi organization that includes about 200 people. They salute each other with a Nazi salute, dress in SS uniform, sometimes adorning it with the Iron Cross.

The MNF is headed by 23-year-old Shari Mungun-Erdene. Last December, in an interview with the Mongolian newspaper The UB Post, he floridly described the beliefs of members of the organization: “We are nationalists, because we spread the ideas of nationalism. In other words, we can be called Nazis. Usually people think that the Nazis are cruel, but this is wrong. In my opinion, there are nationalists in every country. ”

Mungun-Erdene sets out the goals of the Ministry of Taxes and Duties more clearly: "We must by all means ensure that the Chinese do not live here." According to him, most of the Chinese immigrants engaged in illegal activities in Mongolia - pimping or drug trafficking. Another member of the Ministry of Taxes and Duties, in a conversation with a correspondent for The UB Post, said: “The Chinese are our main enemies. They poison Mongolian blood by marrying our girls and intend to make the Mongols part of the Chinese nation. ”

According to Mungun-Erdene, Hitler was largely a pupil of Genghis Khan, and therefore it is not surprising that the ideology of the Third Reich is close to Mongolian youth. “While in prison, Adolf Hitler read the life story of Genghis Khan, and he liked the book,” he says and adds that the concept of the blitzkrieg is in many ways consonant with the principles of warfare in Genghis Khan.

MNF is the youngest in age of participants, but far from the only group in Mongolia with nationalist views and anti-Chinese sentiments. Since the 1990s, there have been two large neo-Nazi organizations in the country - “All Mongolia” and “Blue Mongolia”, which currently number, according to various estimates, from 2 thousand to 3 thousand supporters. The head of “All Mongolia”, 50-year-old Zagas Erdenebileg, answers the question about his opinion on the killings of the Mongols in German concentration camps: “It does not matter. The Nazis and I have one course. ” In his opinion, Mongolia must fight the Chinese threat for its own salvation. “If our blood mixes with the blood of foreigners,” he warns, “we will be immediately destroyed.”

The popularity of neo-Nazi ideas is growing in Mongolia along with an increase in the number of Chinese migrants. In Ulan Bator and other Mongolian cities, there are already more than 80 thousand, and this, excluding illegal immigrants, is not so small for a country with a population of 3 million people.

However, even though the MNF managed to obtain the official status of a non-governmental organization, representatives of neo-Nazis have not yet succeeded in getting into power. In last year’s elections to the Mongolian parliament, candidates of “Blue Mongolia” and “All of Mongolia,” held as independent deputies, did not gain the required number of votes.

Hidden threat
The lack of legislative initiative does not prevent the Mongolian neo-Nazis from fighting the Chinese threat with their own methods. Sometimes they beat migrants, sometimes the Mongols, who are seen in the Chinese society, also get it. So, a taxi driver from Ulaanbaatar admitted to a correspondent of Far Eastern Economic Review magazine that he was injured at the hands of neo-Nazis after he brought in two Chinese businessmen.

The participants of the “Blue Mongolia” shave their heads to the Mongols seen in relations with the Chinese. (It is interesting that in France during the Second World War, the girls were punished in this way for their connection with the Nazis after being liberated from the Nazi occupation.) But the most striking lesson in anti-Chinese sentiments was taught by like-minded leaders of the Blue Mongolia Konkereediin Enkbat. In August 2007, his daughter introduced him to her young man named Chinbat, who was studying in China at that time. Enkbat was furious, called Chinbat a Chinese spy, took out a gun and fired three times. Bullets hit Chinbat in the stomach, palm and ear, he died in the hospital. During the investigation, Enkbat claimed that the daughter opened fire, moreover, by accident. But at a trial in the middle of last year, Enkbat’s guilt was proven and sentenced to 20 years in prison.

Chinese migrants see what is happening connivance of the Mongol authorities. “The police do not pay attention to ethnic conflicts,” complains the owner of a Chinese restaurant in Ulan Bator, whose clients were repeatedly attacked by neo-Nazis. “They (neo-Nazis .- "Power") allowed to call for the killing of the Chinese from TV screens. "

Nevertheless, the flow of Chinese workers does not stop. For many of them, jobs have already been reserved in Mongolia. In Ulan Bator, for example, the Beijing Construction Engineering Group (BCEG), a Chinese company, is the main construction contractor. And she, of course, invites workers from China. Mongolian customers, on whose money houses and hotels are being built, do not mind. “Yes, the Chinese work for us,” says Enktsetseg, manager of the Mongolian company MCS, which built a huge Shangri La office center in Ulan Bator. “Their shifts last 12 hours seven days a week. They are the fastest builders I have ever seen. Buildings grow like mushrooms. ”

In addition to labor, China supplies building materials and construction equipment to Mongolia. China is the main trading partner of Mongolia (it accounts for 70% of Mongolian exports) and provides half of the foreign investment in the Mongolian economy, investing in the construction and development of mineral resources.

The Chinese authorities emphasize that their enterprises create jobs in Mongolia for the local population - more than 50 thousand Mongols have already taken advantage of this. However, Beijing understands that Chinese economic expansion cannot be welcomed by all the Mongols. “We must remember this and be prepared for this,” said Dai Su, a Chinese military expert. “For a nation of only three million, the presence of several thousand neo-Nazis is a critical situation. And it’s not that Mongolia exists between Russia and China for several days, why didn’t this happen before? ”

It could be assumed that the Mongols dislike the representatives of the two neighboring states that at one time or another occupied Mongolia, that is, the Russians and the Chinese. Forces soviet army Mongolia in 1921 gained independence from China, within the borders of which existed for centuries. However, the transition under the care of the USSR, according to neo-Nazis, also had a bad effect on the country. One of the leaders of Blue Mongolia, Gansyuren Damdinsyuren, for example, believes that “before the communists came to power, there was no prostitution, no prisons, no corruption,” and wants to “revive that old Mongolia.” However, only the Chinese cause irritation among the Mongolian neo-Nazis.

On November 26, 2007, activists of Blue Mongolia and All Mongolia held a joint rally in Ulan-Bator Freedom Square. Standing under the blue flags with a swastika in the center and under the banners depicting the 12 great Mongol khans, Gansyuren Damdinsyuren declared: “We must not forget that Mongolia was a powerful empire. However senior officials corrupt and give away land to foreigners. Our Mongol ancestors did not sacrifice their lives in the fight against the enemy so that their land would be transferred to visitors. Therefore, we are trying to revive nationalist ideas again. ”

It took Mongolian neo-Nazism several years to become an established social movement, although not represented in parliament. Speaking at the UN Assembly seven years ago, Mongolian representative Purevjavin Gansuk said the rise in nationalism in his country was caused by economic backwardness. “Social and economic inequality,” he said, “creates and stimulates the spread of racism and other forms of intolerance.” There is an interesting situation. In the coming years, the standard of living in Mongolia can only increase thanks to foreign investment, primarily from China, and they provoke the growth of nationalism. However, as international experience shows, nationalists and Nazis find their feet even in countries with relatively independent economies.

Unclosed topic
In Japan, for example, the National Socialist Japanese Workers Party (NSNPP) has been operating since 1982, whose leaders insist that a worldwide Zionist conspiracy exists and that Jews control Japanese politics through Masonic lodges. The site of the NSNRP, which has existed for ten years, has accumulated materials on how Japanese and German troops collaborated during World War II, and on what kind of close relations Hitler had with Japanese officials. “Hitler had an extremely high opinion of Hiroshi Oshima after Japan,” says one of the notes. “He said:“ Oshima has excellent brains. ” Fully trusting Oshima, he even dedicated it to plans for an attack on the Soviet Union. ”

The members of the NSNRP obviously yearn for the times of the Japanese Empire and therefore call for the country to regain its military power and recreate the system of shogun rule. They also advocate the immediate return of the South Kuril Islands to Japan. In the past three years, NSNRP minivans with roof-mounted loudspeakers have often appeared on the streets of Tokyo, from which “Return stolen northern territories!” NSJPP members used the same propaganda cars to proclaim their demand to abolish the current Japanese constitution, which prohibits Japan from creating an army and declaring war.

Like the Mongol neo-Nazis, NSNPP members are unhappy with the growing influence of China. On their website, they demand "recognition of the independence of Manchuria, Tibet, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Inner Mongolia." In other words, they are in favor of the collapse of China. And in its place they propose creating an alliance of new states, which will be joined by Taiwan, Mongolia and Japan.

By the way, neo-Nazis recently appeared in Taiwan. In 2006, a group of 20 students founded the National Socialist Association (NSA), which a year later included a thousand members. The organization’s leader Yu Shuya admitted in several interviews that he’s not going to completely adopt Hitler’s ideology. “We intend to study the useful ideas of Adolf Hitler, and not his massacres,” said Yu Shuya, adding that he was primarily interested in building a welfare state.

Judging by the reports of the Chinese press, the activists of the association did not hide their goal to seize power in Taiwan. “We are tired of observing the ongoing disputes between the authorities and the opposition, which is why we decided to establish an association,” said one of the leaders of the NSA, Su Nachi.

Association members wear decals like pendants with a swastika, but, according to the professor of Suzhou University in Taipei Emil Shen (who had studied Su Nachi at one time), for them these symbols do not have the same meaning as for Europeans. “These people do not really understand what Nazism is,” he said. “In reality, they are not racists or anti-Semites. They don’t even know what these words mean. ” Although there were reports on the NSA forum, from which it can be understood that their authors still know something about Nazism. According to one of the forum participants, “if new workers have children in Taiwan, the government must destroy them.” “In order to protect our gene pool from further deterioration, strict monitoring of the population and a system of harsh penalties are needed,” he said.

Neo-Nazis from the Iranian organization Sumka are also fighting for the purity of the gene pool of their nation. It was founded in 1952 by Dawood Monshizadeh, a professor from Munich who fought on the side of the Germans. He esteemed Hitler and even copied his appearance, not to mention beliefs. Under the leadership of Monshizade Sumka for several years enjoyed a certain popularity, but soon broke up, losing political influence. In the 2000s, it reappeared, retaining both allegiance to the ideas of Monshizade and Nazi symbols. On the organization’s website, which is being broken english language, said: “Party members are ruthless enemies of Arabs, Muslims, and Jews. From our point of view, all races (as in the text .- "Power") have some abilities. But the white race, and especially the Aryan race, is endowed with qualities that others do not. To keep the nation’s blood clean, we must prevent its mixing with the blood of weaker, lower races. ”

It seems that Asian and Middle Eastern neo-Nazi organizations adopt symbolism from their German predecessors primarily, perceiving it as a kind of fashionable attribute. The ideological background of Nazism is either incomprehensible to them, or unknown, or they are greatly distorted, which is generally for the better.

Egor Nizamov

Power

Neo-Nazis appeared in Mongolia. The object of their hatred is the Chinese. Idol - Hitler. They wear black things, raise their hands, like Hitler's minions, each time during the greeting and celebrate the birthday of their ideologist. Interestingly, they also advocate for the purity of the nation from impurities, although by no means similar to the Aryans and have a far from Nordic appearance. According to the British newspaper The Guardian, which tells about this amazing phenomenon, the reason for the appearance of the Nazis in Mongolia is connected with the poverty of the nation. The poorer the country, and the more strongly the influence of a rich neighbor on it, the more likely it is that the nationalists in any country will turn into radicals hungry for blood. British journalists say: “High cheekbones, dark eyes and brown skin - hardly all this was the Aryan ideal of the Third Reich. A new strain of Nazism spreading like a virus has reached Mongolia. ”

However, British journalists are mistaken in their rejection by the Nazi of the Mongoloid race. So, Kalmyk units served in the Wehrmacht and even SS units, not to mention the Turkic punitive detachment Idel-Ural (it included Tatars, Bashkirs, Kazakhs). Moreover, in the German auxiliary units there were Arabs, Indians, Tibetans, and even Negroes (recruited from captive Afro-French).

The most famous Mongolian Nazi organization is called Tsagaan Khass, which means “White Swastika” in translation. Its charter says that this is a patriotic organization that defends the interests of its ordinary citizens in the face of many foreign criminals, against the flagrant inequality and indifference of politics, and, finally, against corruption. The country is full of critics of the White Swastika: they claim that they simply find the innocent "scapegoats" and attack them. Another popular group: Dayar Mongol. She threatens to shave the heads of all her women who decide to sleep with the Chinese. Three years ago, one of the leaders of another Mongolian Nazi organization was convicted of killing a friend of his daughter: an ardent kid had the misfortune to study in China.

Even the US Department of State reacted to the situation, which warned its citizens who were planning to visit Mongolia as tourists. “In this country, attacks on interracial couples have become more frequent. Systematic actions by ultranationalists take place here, ”the State Department said in a statement. In this regard, Americans are advised to refrain from traveling to Mongolia.

There are many contradictions in the existence of neo-Nazism in Mongolia. Firstly, the White Swastika leaders oppose violence and intend to achieve their goal through political lobbying. Secondly, the European far-right often attack migrant Mongols and are unlikely to consider them a “great nation”.

But the Mongol Nazis have their own reasons: “We must ensure a happy future for our children. They must be sure that the blood of our people is pure. If we start to mix with the Chinese, they will devour us, ”says Battur, a 23-year-old stronghold of national purity. “Adolf Hitler was the one we respect. She taught us how to preserve our national identity, ”adds the 41-year-old Nazi, whom everyone calls Big Brother. “We do not agree with extremism and fascism, which was at the beginning of World War II. We oppose these massacres, but we support the ideology of nationalism, but not fascism. ” The appearance of these statements, of course, is also associated with the low level of education of the Mongols: it is unlikely that any of the Nazis existing in this country knows anything intelligible about the Holocaust and other death camps.

However, anti-Chinese sentiments in Mongolia spread even without the participation of the Nazis: the population is confident that China is pursuing an imperialist policy and wants to occupy Mongolia, says Frank Bille from Cambridge University. Domestic Nazism goes to the limit in Mongolia: rap calls to shoot all Chinese in local bars, and the local population believes that Beijing has a secret policy that encourages sexual relations of its citizens with the Mongols. In fact, everything is somewhat simpler: rich Chinese were frequent in Mongolia, and the local population is very poor. As is often the case in Russia, women who love money prefer foreigners in expensive cars to local guys.

Now 3 million people live in Mongolia, and no matter how active the Nazis are here, it is unlikely that this country will be able to avoid the absorption by China. The Nazi struggle, however, sometimes deserves respect: for example, they raid hotels where local girls work as prostitutes. Prostitution in Mongolia is illegal, but the authorities turn a blind eye to it because of corruption, and guardians of national purity do not.

Mongolian ultra-nationalism in its unexpected manifestation - on the street of Ulaanbaatar, young people in characteristic clothes raise their hands in Roman greeting and shout “Zig Heil!”. These Mongolian guys from the neo-Nazi group “Tsagaan Khass”, which means “White Swastika” in Mongolian, are far from the Aryan ideal of Nordic appearance, but revere Hitler, paying tribute to his devotion to ethnic purity. Here is another example of how neo-Nazis appear in an impoverished country and direct their anger at outsiders. In Mongolian realities, the Chinese became such strangers.

Members of the White Swastika fraternity raise their hand in Roman greeting on Ulaanbaatar Street. These people position themselves as patriots, defending the interests of ordinary citizens in the face of foreign criminals, glaring inequality, indifference of politicians and corruption.

However, Mongolian utranationalists are criticized for attacking innocent people, using them as scapegoats. In the photo: one of the founders of the White Swastika group (right) on the street of the Mongolian capital.

The US State Department has warned those who are going to visit Mongolia, what kind of last years here attacks on interracial couples, including systematic actions of ultranationalist groups, became more frequent. The Dayar Mongol organization threatened that Mongolian women sleeping with the Chinese would shave their heads. In the photo: members of the White Swastika group in the Ulan-Bator themed bar, decorated in the Nazi style.

In the photo: one of the founders of the group, a 41-year-old Mongol who calls himself Big Brother. Tsagaan Hass leaders say they do not support violence, although they respect Adolf Hitler. “He teaches us how to preserve national identity,” Big Brother states, “We don’t agree with his extremism and the outbreak of World War II. We are against all those killings, but we support Hitler’s ideology. We support nationalism, but not fascism.”

Moreover, against historical facts no arguing - during World War II the Nazis executed Soviet prisoners of war who had pronounced Mongoloid features, and in our time, Australian and European ultra-right often attack Mongoloid immigrants. However, their style “Tsagaan Hass” is motivated by the fact that the swastika is an ancient Asian symbol, which is certainly true, but does not explain the reason for the use by the group of Nazi colors, Nazi greetings and other Nazi paraphernalia.

To date, the Mongols have less than three million. “We must keep the blood of our nation clean. This is closely related to our independence,” said one of the group’s members, 23-year-old Battur. "If the Mongols mingle with the Chinese, then our people will soon be gone. Mongolia is a poor country. Wealthier foreigners come here and take our women."

Anti-Chinese sentiments are becoming increasingly popular in Mongolia. “While the majority of the Mongols believe that the deviation towards extreme right-wing ideas is too extreme, the country seems to have a common opinion that China, with its imperial,“ diabolical ”manners, intends to capture Mongolia,” tells Frank Bill of Cambridge University, who explores the phenomenon of Chinese being in Mongolia.

“We have heard of cases of violence by far-right organizations in Mongolia. They do not necessarily represent something good or bad, ”said Tsagaan Hass leader. However, he argues that their grouping is simply a structure for “implementing the implementation of the law”. “We conduct checks: we go to hotels and restaurants to make sure that Mongolian girls are not involved in prostitution, and that foreigners do not violate the laws. We do not wool everyone and we do not knock out nonsense from everyone. We check the information to make sure that it is correct. We are trying to avoid the use of force, ”he said. “Violence will be our last resort.”