Introduction
According to the degree of influence on the child's body, all types of health-improving physical culture (depending on the structure of movements) can be divided into two large groups: exercises of a cyclic and acyclic nature. Cyclic exercises are motor acts in which the same complete motor cycle is constantly repeated for a long time. These include walking, running, skiing, cycling, swimming.
In acyclic exercises, the structure of movements does not have a stereotyped cycle and changes during their implementation. These include gymnastic and strength exercises, jumping, throwing, sports and outdoor games. Acyclic exercises have a predominant effect on the functions of the musculoskeletal system, as a result of which muscle strength, reaction speed, flexibility and mobility in the joints, and lability of the neuromuscular apparatus increase. The types with the predominant use of acyclic exercises include morning exercises and rhythmic gymnastics.
Morning gymnastics helps to bring the body to work more quickly, maintain a high level of performance during the day, improve the coordination of the neuromuscular apparatus, the activity of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The peculiarity of rhythmic gymnastics is that the pace of movements and the intensity of the exercises are set by the rhythm of the musical accompaniment. It uses a complex of various agents that affect the child's body. Thus, a series of running and jumping exercises mainly affect the cardiovascular system; tilts and squats - on the motor apparatus, methods of relaxation and suggestion - on the central nervous system. Exercises in the stalls develop muscle strength and mobility in the joints, running series - endurance, dance - plasticity, etc. Depending on the choice of the means used, rhythmic gymnastics classes can be predominantly athletic, dance, psycho-regulatory or mixed. The nature of energy supply, the degree of enhancement of the functions of respiration and blood circulation depend on the type of exercise. A series of exercises of a parterre character (in the supine position, sitting) has the most stable effect on the circulatory system. Heart rate does not exceed 130 beats / min., I.e. does not go beyond the aerobic zone. Thus, work on the ground is mainly
aerobic character. In a series of exercises performed in a standing position, exercises for the upper extremities also cause an increase in heart rate up to 130 beats / min., Dance - up to 150, and global (bends, deep squats) - up to 160 beats / min. The most effective effect on the body is provided by a series of running and jumping exercises.
In health-improving classes, the choice of the pace of movements and series of exercises should be carried out in such a way that the training is mainly of an aerobic nature (with an increase in heart rate within 130-150 beats / min.). Then, along with improving the functions of the musculoskeletal system (increasing muscle strength, joint mobility, flexibility), it is possible to increase the level of general endurance, but to a much lesser extent than when performing cyclic exercises.
The above-described forms of health related physical culture in kindergarten (using acyclic exercises) do not contribute to a significant increase in the functional capabilities of the circulatory system and the level of physical performance, which means that they are not decisive as health programs.
The leading role in this belongs to cyclic exercises, which ensure the development of aerobic capabilities and general endurance in children.
Aerobics is a system of physical exercise, the energy supply of which is carried out through the use of oxygen. Aerobic exercises include only those cyclic exercises in which at least 2/3 of the muscle mass is involved. To achieve a positive effect, the duration of aerobic exercise should be at least 20-30 minutes. It is for cyclic exercises aimed at developing general endurance that the most important morphological and functional changes in the circulatory and respiratory systems are characteristic. Differences between certain types of cyclic exercises, associated with the peculiarities of the structure of the motor act and the technique of its implementation, are not of fundamental importance for achieving a preventive and health-improving effect. The experience of working with children of preschool age shows that all of the above forms of health-improving physical culture have a positive effect on the child's body. But the most effective is aerobics.
Aerobics classes are great fun for children. In order to make the classes more interesting and rich, we made individual equipment for children - steps.
A step is a step no more than 8 cm high, 25 cm wide, 40 cm long, lightweight and covered with soft leatherette.
Step aerobics classes are necessarily accompanied by cheerful, rhythmic music, which creates a good mood in children. Step aerobics can be practiced in various ways:
In the form of full health-improving training sessions with older preschool children, lasting 25-35 minutes;
- as part of the lesson (duration from 10 to 15 minutes);
- in the form of morning exercises, which enhances its health-improving and emotional effect;
- in demonstration performances of children at holidays;
- as step entertainment.
One complex of step aerobics, as a complete lesson, is performed by children for three months, some exercises, as they are assimilated, can be modified and complicated.
When distributing exercises, it is necessary to correctly dose the physical activity, i.e. the heart rate should not exceed 150-160 beats / min.
Complexes of step-aerobics, health-improving and training
focus for older preschoolers
Complex number 1
In a well-ventilated room, steps are laid out on the floor in a checkerboard pattern. To cheerful, rhythmic music, children enter the hall and stand behind the steps. (Children in lightweight clothes, barefoot.)
Preparatory part
1. Walking is normal on the spot. (Children should feel the music, catch the pace of movement, tune in.)
2. Walking on the steppe.
3. An additional step back from the step to the floor and back to the step, with the right foot, briskly working with the hands.
4. An additional step backward from a step, forward from a step.
5. Walking on the steppe; hands alternately forward, up, forward, down.
Main part
1. Walking on the steppe, with hands drawing alternately large circles along the body, fingers clenched into fists.
2. Step on the step - from the step, with the hands, drawing small circles alternately along the body.
(Repeat 1 and 2 three times.)
3. An additional step on the step to the right and left, straight arms, lifting simultaneously forward and down.
4. Side step on the step to the right and left with a half-squat (step - sit down); hands, bent at the elbows, towards the shoulders, down.
5. Walking on the steppe, raising the knee high, simultaneously performing claps with straight arms in front of you and behind your back.
6. Step on a step - from a step with claps with straight arms in front of you and behind your back.
(3, 4, 5 and 6 repeat 3 times.)
7. Running in place on the floor.
8. Easy running on the steppe.
9. Running around the step.
10. Scatter run.
(Repeat 7, 8, 9 and 10 3 times.)
11. Normal steppe walking.
12. Walking on toes around the step, alternately lifting the shoulders.
13. Step aside from step to step.
14. Walking on heels around the step, simultaneously raising and lowering the shoulders.
15. Step aside from step to step.
16. "Cross". Step from step - forward; from the step - back; from the step - to the right; from the step - to the left; hands on the belt.
17. The same, performing dance movements with your hands.
18. Breathing exercise.
19. Normal steppe walking.
20. Step from step to step, hands up, to the shoulders.
21. Walking around the step on bent legs, hands on the belt.
22. Walking randomly with clapping overhead.
23. Step to step from step.
24. Rebuilding in a circle. Walking on a steppe in a circle.
25. Swing straight leg up and forward (8 times).
26. Snake walking around the steps (2-3 circles).
27. Swing straight leg up and forward, hands on the belt (8 times).
28. Snake running around the steps.
29. An outdoor game "Circus horses".
The step circle is a circus arena. Children walk around the steps, raising their knees high ("like horses in training"), then at the signal they switch to running with high knees, then they take a step to walk and when the music stops ("stall", there should be 2-3 steps less number of children). The game is repeated 3 times.
Children put the steps in a certain place and take them on the rug, which they lay out in a circle and sit on them.
30. Exercises for relaxation and breathing.
Complex number 2
The steps are arranged in a chaotic manner.
Preparatory part
1. Simultaneously with walking on the steppe, straighten your arms up, unclenching your fists, look at them; hands to shoulders, hands clenched into fists.
2. Step to step - from step, briskly working with your hands.
3. Simultaneously with walking on a step, swing your arms back and forth with claps in front and behind.
4. Walking on the steppe, turning around with free hand movements. (One way and the other.)
5. "Cross". (Repeat 2 times.)
Main part
1. Simultaneously with walking on the steppe, cross bent arms in front of you, slap simultaneously with the left hand on the right shoulder, and with the right - on the left shoulder.
2. Step from step to the side, alternating with squatting, raising your arms forward.
3. Simultaneously with walking on the step, raise your arms through the sides and slap over your head.
4. Step from step to step, raising and lowering the shoulders.
5. Walking randomly with alternating steps, performing dance movements with hands.
(Repeat 2 times.)
6. Sitting on a steppe, legs crossed, hands on a belt. Lean to the right, left.
7. I. p. - also. Swinging your arms forward, quickly stand up, return to the starting position.
8. Kneeling on the steppe, hands on the belt; get down on your heels, arms to the sides, return to the starting position.
9. Walking on the steppe, cheerfully working with your hands.
10. Rhythmic squats and straightening on the step, arms in free movement.
11. Circling on the steppe, arms to the sides, to one side and the other.
12. Repeat No. 10.
13. Circling with closed eyes.
14. Step to step - from step.
15. Scatter running with tasks for hands.
16. Repeat No. 1.
17. Light running on the steppe alternates with walking 2 times.
18. Jumping, standing sideways on the steppe, hands on the belt; legs apart on the floor, legs together, return to starting position.
19. Step to step - from step.
20. Repeat No. 18 on the other side.
21. Walking on the steppe.
22. Outdoor game "Fizkult-hurray!"
Children carry the steps to play in different places, placing them in two rows on opposite sides of the site. One step less on one side. They themselves stand where there are more steps, two people per step. This is the starting line. On the opposite side is the finish line. The guys say:
“Sport, guys, is very necessary.
We are close friends with sports,
Sport is an assistant!
Sport is health!
Sport is a game!
Physical Education!"
With the end of the words, the children run a race to the finish line. Those who did not have time to take a step lose. The winners are those who were among the first to take the step. (Repeat the game 3 times.)
23. Games and exercises for relaxation.
Complexes for morning exercises on the steps can be made using the above exercises. For example, a complex of morning exercises on the steps ( for older preschoolers).
The steps are laid out in three rows
1st part.
Walking and running in a column one by one around the steps.
Snake walking and running around the steps. Walking with stepping over the steps. Rebuilding in threes to the steps.
2nd part.
1. I. p.: Standing on the steppe, hands down. Simultaneously with walking in place, swing your arms back and forth with claps in front and back (10 times).
2. I.p .: OS, step to the right from the step, arms to the sides, return to the starting position; the same to the left. (5 times.)
3. I. p.: Standing on the steppe, feet shoulder-width apart, arms down. Turns to the right and left with free hand movements (10-12 times).
4. I. p.: Kneeling on the steppe, sit down and get up without helping yourself with your hands (10-12 times).
5. Sitting on the steppe, legs crossed, bend over to the right and left knees, touching it with your forehead (help yourself with your hands).
6.I.p .: o.s. on the steppe, swing a straight leg forward, do clap under the foot (10-12 times).
7. Normal jumps on the steppe alternate with walking 2 times.
Complex number 3
In a well-ventilated room, step boards are laid out on the floor in three rows. (Children practice barefoot, in lightweight clothes.)
Preparatory part (1st musical segment)
1. Tilt of the head to the right and left.
2. Raising the shoulders up and down.
3. Walking is usual on the spot on the steppe.
4. An additional step forward from the step to the floor and back to the step.
5. An added step back.
6. Side step to the right (left) from the step, return to the ip.
7. An additional step back and forth; right left.
8. Leg back, behind the step-board - hands up, return to SP.
9. Lunge with the foot forward, arms to the sides.
Main part (2nd musical segment)
1. Right leg to the side, behind the step; right hand to the side. Left leg to the side, left arm to the side. Return to i.p.
2. Put the right (left) leg forward in front of the step on the tiptoe, and pull the right (left) hand sharply forward. Return to i.p.
3. The same to the right and left of the step-board. Back from the step board.
4. Put the right (left) leg sharply forward; right left); back and return to ip.
5. Semicircle. Draw a semicircle around the step board with the right (left) foot; return to ip
6. Side step on a step-board with a half-squat (repeat exercises two times).
(3rd musical segment)
7. Turn to the right (left), leg back behind the step-board, arms to the sides; return to ip
8. Standing on the floor in front of the step-board, put your right (left) foot on the step, arms sharply up; return to ip
9. I. p. also. Lunge with the right (left) foot on the step, palms on the knee; return to ip (repeat the exercises twice).
10. Lunge to the right; to the left; back, standing on the step board.
(4th musical segment)
11. "Wiggle".
12. Running exercises.
13. Semi-squats with circular arm movements.
14. Running exercises.
(5th musical segment)
15. Jumping exercises.
16. Circling on a step-board to the right and left sides around you, arms to the sides.
17. Jumping exercises.
18. Walking around the step-board on bent legs, hands on the belt.
19. Leg forward, behind the step board, arms sharply to the sides; return to ip
(6th musical segment)
20. Walking is normal on the spot.
21. Step forward; step back; put your legs wide.
22. Rebuilding with steps in a circle. Walking on the steppes in place.
23. Holding hands, side step to the right in a circle.
24. I. p. also; four steps back and forth.
25. Exercises to restore breathing. (Lesson duration 30-35 min.)
Complex with balls of small diameter for children of the preparatory group for school
1st musical segment. Introductory part.
Exercises against the wall to form correct posture (3-4 exercises). Column walking alternating with running; walking on toes, heels, outside of the foot; running with a snake between step-boards and jumping (stepping over) over them; walking on correction paths (while walking, children take a small diameter ball with their right hand); rebuilding in three links to step boards (pre-laid out); walking in place: turn to step boards.
Main partis divided into four musical segments. Exercises on step boards with a small ball:
2nd musical segment.
1. I.p .: standing on the steppe, the ball is in the right hand. Step forward from the step, transfer the ball over the head to the other hand; return to ip
2. I.p .: the same. Step back from the step, transfer the ball over your head to the other hand; return to ip
3.I.p .: the same. Step forward, step backward, move the ball over your head from hand to hand.
4. I.p .: o.s. on the steppe, the ball is in the right hand. Move the right (left) leg forward to the toe in front of the step, at the same time bring the right (left) hand with the ball forward; return to SP, transfer the ball to the other hand.
5.I.p .: o.s. The same movement is performed to the right (left) of the step.
6.I.p .: o.s. The same - back from the step.
7.I.p .: o.s. on the steppe, arms to the sides, the ball in the right hand. Lunge to the right (left) of the step, three swinging, return to I.P., transfer the ball to the other hand.
3rd musical segment.
1.I.p .: o.s. on the steppe, hands forward, ball in right hand. Turn right (left), rising on toes and taking the right (left) hand with the ball back. Return to ip, transfer the ball to the other hand.
2. I.p .: the same. The same turn to the right (left), but put your foot on the step-board alternately. Turn right - right leg: turn left - left leg.
3.I.p .: o.s. on the steppe. Lunge with the right (left) leg forward over the step board; hands forward; move the ball; return to ip
4. I.p .: o.s. on the steppe, the ball is in the right hand. Take the right (left) leg back behind the step and put it on the toe; raise your hands up, shift the ball; return to ip
5.I.p .: o.s. before the step, the ball is in the right hand. Step onto the step, move the ball over your head; return to ip
4th musical segment.
1. Running on the spot, on a step board.
2.I.p .: o.s. on the steppe, hands up above the head, the ball is sandwiched between the palms. Spin around on your toes, while rubbing the ball with your palms.
3. Running around the step board to the right and left.
4. Repeat exercise. No. 2.
5.I.p .: o.s. on the steppe. Throwing the ball up and catching it after the clap.
6. The same, sitting on a step-board, legs to the sides.
7.I.p .: o.s. on a step-board, the ball is in the right hand. Throwing the ball on the floor and catching with one hand, alternately with the right and left hand.
8. The same, sitting on a step-board, legs to the sides.
9.I.p .: o.s. on a step board, the ball is in the right hand. Toss the ball from hand to hand, shifting from foot to foot.
5th musical segment.
1.I.p .: o.s. on a step board, the ball is in the right hand. Leap - legs apart, for a step in different directions; move the ball to the other hand; jump back to SP.
2. Walking on the steppe, "rubbing" the ball in the palms.
3. Ip .: right leg - on the step, left - on the floor to the left of the step, arms to the sides, the ball is in the left hand. Jump to change the position of the legs, transfer the ball to the other hand.
4. Repeat No. 2.
5. Walking in place, on a step board.
6. Rebuilding in a column one by one, put the ball in place.
7. Rebuilding in three links to the step-boards. Take the steps.
8. Rebuilding in a circle. Lay the step boards in a circle.
9. Walking in place on a step-board.
10. Step back and forth.
11. Side step to the right in a circle until returning to the place.
Final part.
6th musical segment (music for relaxation).
Game-meditation "By the lake". A circle of steps is a lake. Children in it "splash", "cool down", "splash", lower their legs and rest.
Step - aerobics in kindergarten
Alena Yurievna Papulova,
physical education instructor
MADOU CRR - kindergarten number 50
the city of Tyumen
One of the modern directions of physical culture and health improvement work with older preschool children is aerobics classes aimed at maintaining health and developing physical qualities of preschoolers, enhancing their motor activity.
Aerobics is a system of general developmental and dance exercises (energy supply of which is carried out due to the use of oxygen) performed under musical accompaniment, united in a continuous complex, which is aimed at the work of the cardiovascular and respiratory system.
Step aerobics - one of the simplest and most effective styles and directions of aerobics. Translated from English "step" means "step".
Step aerobics is a rhythmic movement up and down on a special step platform, the height of which changes depending on the level of difficulty of the exercises.
Using step platforms – this is a new direction of health improvement work. The effectiveness of classes on the steppes is confirmed by the experience of correctional medical centers in Europe.
The step - platform is a multifunctional equipment that provides a solution to general developmental and preventive tasks.
Step aerobics develops mobility in the joints, forms the arch of the foot, trains balance, strengthens the muscular system, improves flexibility, plasticity, restores body tone, normalizes the activity of the cardiovascular system, helps to develop good posture, beautiful, expressive and precise movements, promotes harmonious development ...
Exercises for step-aerobics are selected mainly of a cyclic nature (basically, it is walking, causing active activity of the circulatory and respiratory organs, enhancing metabolic processes, simple in their motor structure).
The set of exercises consists of a preparatory and a main part. The preparatory part provides the body warming up, preparing it for the main physical activity.
All exercises of the main part are performed on a step in a light dance rhythm with a small amplitude. The complex of aerobics ends with breathing and relaxation exercises performed at a slow pace.
One complex of step aerobics, as a full lesson, is performed by children for three months, some exercises, as they are mastered, can change and become more complicated.
The step platform is used in a variety of ways:
- as equipment for the formation of basic types of movements: running, walking, jumping, crawling;
- for outdoor games;
- for relay races;
- to perform rhythmic compositions, dance movements;
- for individual and independent physical activity.
The best place to start is by showing and explaining the simplest exercises.
Gradually complicating the complex, you can move on to learning more difficult movements that involve several joints and muscle groups, body parts.
The demonstration and explanations should not be too long in the nature of learning, as this reduces the effectiveness and interest in the classes. It is better to show the movements and emphasize the correct technique of their execution than to spend extra time learning.
To avoid mistakes in training, it is necessary to carry out the training process according to a certain method.
1. Method of similarity. When selecting several exercises, one topic, direction of movement or style of movement is taken as a basis.
2. Complication method. A certain logical sequence of teaching exercises, the gradual complication of exercises due to new details: changing the pace of movement, changing the rhythm, introducing new details, changing the technique of performing the movement, preliminary execution of the movement by each part of the body separately, and then combining them in one exercise.
3. Method of repetitions.
4. Method of musical interpretation.
1) Designing exercises taking into account the basics of musical literacy. Strong and weak lobes can be reflected by movements (clapping, jumping, tumbling, etc.)
5. Block method... Combining different, previously learned exercises into a choreographic combination.
6. "California style". Complex manifestation of the requirements for the above methods. Before performing the blocks, each exercise is learned gradually (method of complication), and then the main exercises are combined into blocks and performed with movement in different directions.
Consultations were held to educators and parents preschool institution. I introduced the teachers to the main forms of step aerobics classes, with certain terms for each specific movement.
She proposed to include step - platforms in educational independent activities and educational activities during regime moments. In organizing a developing environment for independent activities of children - movement centers in the groups "Run, jump and jump", as well as movement cards (card-schemes), systematize a series of outdoor games using step-platforms for children of younger, middle and senior preschool age.
For parents, they made guidelines for conducting step aerobics classes, which speaks about the benefits of step aerobics, the structure of the classes, the main elements of step aerobics are indicated, a list of methodological literature for studying this area of \u200b\u200bwork with children. They offered to independently make step - platforms 35cm wide, 50cm long and 8cm high, paint around the perimeter with colored paint, glue images of children's feet to the center of the step. The equipment will turn out to be bright and cheerful, which will arouse even more interest in children.
Thus, the use of physical culture lessons in practice, based on step aerobics, based on taking into account the age characteristics of preschool children, will increase the effectiveness of the physical education process.
Game tasks on the steps
"Birds on a Branch" - squatting on the steppe.
"Weathervane on the roof" - circling in both directions on the steppe. One hand is set aside.
"Airplane" - standing on a steppe, legs together, arms to the sides at shoulder height, arms - the wings of an airplane, which tilts to the right and to the left during flight.
"Penguins" - jumping off, jumping onto the step.
"Toss the ball" is a pair exercise. Tossing the ball while standing on the steps.
"Stork on the Roof" - a stand on one leg with open eyes.
"The Steadfast Tin Soldier" - a stand on the steppe on one leg, the second bent at the knee, laid back.
"Freeze - frame" - imitation of photographic images (options).
"Egyptian step" - standing on a step (along the length of the step) - the toe of one leg touches the heel of the other.
"Giant" - standing on tiptoes on the steppe, pull your arms up.
"Crane" - standing on a step, feet shoulder-width apart, arms to the shoulders, extended forward. Raise the right leg bent at the knee, touch the knee to the left elbow, return to SP. the same with the left foot.
"Dragonfly" - standing on the steppe on toes, hands on the belt, elbows back.
Outdoor games using steps
"Penguins on an ice floe"
Children - "penguins" run freely around the hall. Footsteps - "floes" in random order are on the floor. The driving child - "hunter" is trying to catch the "penguins" and stain them. If the "penguin" has climbed onto the ice floe, that is, will stand on the step, it is not allowed to catch it.
"Corners"
Children - mice are in their houses - corners (they stand on the steppes). One of the players, remaining in the middle, approaches one of them and says:
"Mouse, mouse,
sell me your corner "
The child refuses, the driver goes to another child. At this time, the mice change places, and the driver tries to take the vacant seat. If it succeeds, the one left without a corner takes its place in the circle. If the driver fails to occupy the corner for a long time, at the signal "cat!", Everyone changes places at the same time. Mice cannot sit in their corner for a long time before the dash, you can negotiate with whoever you want to change places with.
"Circus horses"
The step circle is a circus arena. Children walk around the steps, raising their knees high ("like horses in training"), then, upon a signal, they switch to running with high knees, then they take a step to walk and when the music stops ("stall", there should be 2-3 steps less number of children). The game is repeated 3 times.
Exercises for the prevention of flat feet(exercises are performed according to the text)
The bear got out of the den,
The bear kneads his legs.
He walked on tiptoes
And on the heels later.
Swung on a swing
And he crept up to the fox:
"Where are you running, fox?"
"The sun has set, it's time to sleep,
It's good that there is a hole! "(Everyone runs to his own hole - step)
Basic movements(step - platforms stand in two diagonals).
In the first diagonal - hitting the ball with two hands in motion.
On the second - "Crayfish on the path" - movement over the steps, support on straightened arms and legs bent at the knees; "Lazy bear" - emphasis on straight or bent legs and straightened arms.
Moving over the steps standing in a row.
Exercises to strengthen the eye muscles "Beetle":
"A beetle flew into the group,
Buzzed and sang - LJJ. (sitting, legs crossed, shaking a finger)
So he flew to the right,
Everyone looked to the right.
So he flew to the left,
Everyone looked to the left (take your hand to the right, follow the direction of the hand with your eyes, the same in the other direction)
The beetle wants to sit on our nose,
We will not let him sit down (with the index finger of his right hand, make a movement to the nose)
Our beetle has landed (the direction of the hand downward accompanies the eyes)
Buzzed and whirled - LJJ. (standing, legs apart, make rotational movements with your hands and stand)
Beetle, here's the right palm,
Sit on it a little.
Beetle, here's the left palm,
Sit on it a little (take your hand to the right side, follow with your eyes, the same in the other direction)
The beetle flew upstairs
And sat on the ceiling (put your hands up, look up)
We got up on our toes,
But we didn't get the bug (get on your toes, look up)
Clap-clap-clap.
To fly away he could (clap his hands)
Music of color-exercises with multi-colored shawls, standing on a step platform:
"Mill".
"Eight".
"Carousel".
Approximate synopsisphysical culture leisureusing step - platforms
"Everyone needs physical education"
Tasks:
Continue teaching children step aerobics techniques.
To develop in children the coordination of movements, dexterity, speed in outdoor games and relay races.
To develop in children a sense of rhythm and the ability to coordinate their movements with music.
To bring up moral and volitional qualities in children: endurance, attention, concentration, perseverance in achieving positive results.
Forms of organization:
1. Formation into a column.
2. Arrangement of children in a checkerboard pattern during a lesson on the steps.
3. Formation in two columns for the relay.
Equipment:
An envelope with a letter.
Step platforms.
"Collection of step aerobics", music for relaxation games
Music Center.
The course of joint motor activity:
1 part.Children enter the hall. Building in a row.
Instructor: Hello. I am very glad to meet you!
Stand in order, pull yourself up, do not be lazy!
Attention! Attention! I hasten to inform you.
I want to invite you to step aerobics.
Well - come out together and you will surprise me!
Instructor:Guys, a letter came to the e-mail of the kindergarten. Let's read it.
The instructor reads the text of the letter:
“I guys got sick.
I didn't drink or eat all day.
I didn't play, I didn't have fun ...
I ask for your help. " Carlson
Instructor: Guys, Carlson asks for your help. Something happened to him. Want to know what happened?
We have the opportunity to contact him.
(conversation with Carlson by phone)
Carlson:Did you get my message ?! This is just great!
Instructor:What happened to you?
Carlson: My mood was gone, and my health suddenly disappeared.
Who can help me, how can I overcome the disease?
Instructor: Guys, why do you think Carlson got sick?
You are right, guys, Carlson got sick because he doesn't move much, doesn't exercise.
And without a doubt there is a good solution.
Everyone needs physical education to be healthy.
From physical education there will be a slender figure.
Instructor: Carlson you come to us and repeat after us.
Let not everything be given at once, everyone will have to try!
Carlson:I promise to try to study with you.
In gratitude from me I will give gifts.
Instructor: Is everyone gathered? Is everyone healthy? Are you ready to study?
Well, then don't be lazy, get ready for a warm-up! (Music)
Walking "snake" between the rows of steps.
Walking on heels, hands on the belt.
Walking on toes, hands on the belt.
Walking, avoiding every step with a "snake".
Jogging backwards (show your heels).
Running with throwing straight legs forward (show socks).
Walking in circles, around the steps.
Part 2 (on the steppes).
Instructor: We have step - platforms, we will show a master class! (Music)
Walking on the steppe. (4 times)
Walking on the steppe with hand movements forward, up, to the sides, down. (2 times)
Walking on a steppe, hands on a belt, head tilt to the right and left. (2 times)
Walking on the steppe, hands down, rotational movements of the shoulders
up-forward, up-back. (4 times).
Walking on the steppe, circular movements with hands back and forth. (4 times).
Step from the step forward, hands on the belt. 2p. right foot, 2p. left.
Step back from the step, hands on the belt. 2p. right foot, 2p. left.
Step from the step to the side, arms to the side, etc. hands to your shoulders. 2p. to the right, 2p. to the left.
Step to the step, hands up, step from the step, hands down. (2 times on each leg)
One leg on the steppe, jumping with a change of legs. (8 times)
Jogging backward around the step. (1 time)
Step on the step + knee "ni-up", hands on the belt. (2 times on each leg)
Step on a step with a leg to the side, arms to the sides. (2 times on each leg)
Step on the step by whipping the lower leg back, hands on the belt. (2 times on each leg)
Kneeling on the steppe, rest your hands on the floor in front of the steppe,
stretch your straight leg back. (4 swings up with the right foot, 4 with the left)
Sitting on the steppe, leaning back with hands, alternately
raise and lower outstretched legs. (8 times)
Instructor:To make it more fun, we will take the ball as soon as possible.
(Music pauses)
Walking in front of a step, the ball is sandwiched between the palm of the right hand
and with the back of your left hand, roll the ball.
I. p. - feet shoulder width apart, arms along the body, in the right hand the ball.
1.2. The left leg, bent at the knee, is carried forward, the ball is transferred to the left hand, the left leg is on the floor, return vp.
I. p. - the same. 1, 2. stand on the step, hands up, shift the ball, stand on your toes. 4.5. etc.
I. p. - also.
1.2. stand on the step, arms to the sides; 3. turn left, move the ball to the left hand. 4.5. etc.
I. p. - feet shoulder-width apart, the ball in the hands below, in front of you.
1.2. stand on the step, hands up; 3.4. tilt to the right and left; 5.6. etc.
I. p. - the same, the ball is on the step.
1- lean forward, take the ball, 2- straighten up, arms up. 3- lean, put the ball on the step, etc.
I. p. - feet shoulder-width apart, a step away from the step, the ball in the right hand.
1 - put your right foot on the step. 2- tilt, shift the ball behind the knee to the left hand; 3- straighten up; 4 - I. p.
I. p. - lying on your back, hands behind your head, feet on the steppe, the ball between the feet. 1 - raise your legs with the ball up. 2 - I. p.
Jumping, standing sideways on the steppe, hands with the ball at the chest,
legs apart - on the floor, legs together on the step. (8 times)
The ball between the knees, jump around the step. (1 time)
The ball between the knees, reach the basket and place the balls.
Instructor:
To become an agile athlete, we will relay race.
You stand in columns and pull yourself up a little.
Is everyone ready? Good hour, let's compete now!
The steps are placed in 2 rows of 4 steps.
Girls stand in one column, boys in another.
To the accompaniment of perky music, they play relay games:
"Jumpers". Jumping over the steps with the ball in hand, roll the ball back on the floor and pass it to the next one, stand at the end of the column.
"Along the winding path." Snake running between the steps with the ball in hand, back straight, pass the ball to the next one and stand at the end of the column.
Wave Runner. Sitting on the steps one after another, pass the ball back over your head.
Put the steps in a circle and stand on them.
Instructor:To test dexterity, you need to urgently play.
Game "If we all stand in a circle, I'll throw the ball to you, friend"
(consolidation of orientation skills (right - left), development of dexterity, attention, verbal designation of action )
Children stand in a circle on the steps at some distance from each other and throw the ball, while saying: “I throw the ball to the right, Lena. Lena, catch it! ”,“ I throw the ball to the left, Sasha. Sasha, catch it! "
Part 3.
Relaxation game for relaxation of the whole organism.
"Pass in a circle"
Children sit in a circle on the step platforms so that they can easily reach each other. The instructor passes an imaginary object in a circle: a hot potato. The subject must go through the entire circle and return to the driver unchanged (the potato must not cool down).
Instructor: Guys, was it interesting for you to study on the steps?
Well done, everyone tried! Did we succeed right away? What new things have you learned? So you still need to train!
Guys, let's find out if Karlson liked doing step aerobics .
Carlson: I really enjoyed doing step aerobics with you.
Immediately I cheered up. Strength is added, health is added.
Instructor: So Carlson understands that it is pleasant to be healthy.
Karlsondarit gifts for children: balls.
Carlson:Have fun with balls! I have to go! Goodbye kids! (Flies away)
Children leave the hall to the cheerful music.
The problem of the physical development of children is one of the most urgent and priority in the work of a kindergarten. For the development of the child's physical qualities, both classical and non-traditional forms are used, used during OD. All this is aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of the child, contributes to the formation of the beginnings and habits of a healthy lifestyle, the foundations of physical culture, education in children of the need for physical improvement, in movement based on “muscle joy”. Step aerobics can also be attributed to non-traditional forms.
Step aerobics are rhythmic movements up and down on a special step platform, the height of which changes depending on the difficulty level of the exercise.
Step aerobics for a child:
- develops mobility in the joints,
- forms the arch of the foot,
- trains balance,
- strengthens the muscular system,
- improves flexibility, plastics,
- restores body tone,
- normalizes the activity of the cardiovascular system,
- helps to develop good posture, beautiful, expressive and precise movements,
- promotes harmonious development.
Work on step platforms starts with a few simple but important rules:
- Perform steps to the center of the step platform
- Put your whole foot on the step platform when going up, and when going down, put your foot from toe to heel before taking the next step
- As you descend from the step platform, stay close enough to it. Do not deviate from the step more than the length of the foot
- Take a step with ease, do not kick the step board
- Do not begin teaching children how to use the hands until they have mastered the leg movements.
Then we learn the basic elements of training a child on a step platform:
- Basic step
- Step feet apart, feet together
- Side step with touch on the platform or on the floor
- Steps with lifting onto the platform and bending the leg forward (various options)
- Touching the platform with the toe of the free leg
- Step through the platform
- Lunges to the side and back
- Side steps to the right, left, forward, backward and with turns
- Step at a corner
Exercises for training a child in step aerobics are selected mainly of a cyclical nature. Basically, this is walking, which causes an active activity of the circulatory and respiratory organs, enhancing metabolic processes, which are simple in their motor structure.
A set of exercises on a step platform
For training children in kindergarten, it consists of a preparatory and a main part.
The preparatory part provides warming up of the child's body, preparing him for the main physical activity.
All exercises of the main part are performed on a step platform in a light dance rhythm with a small amplitude.
The complex of aerobics for breathing and relaxation, performed at a slow pace, ends.
One set of step aerobics, as a full lesson, is performed by children in kindergarten for three months; some exercises, as they are mastered, can change and become more complicated.
Music for children's step aerobics
Step aerobics is performed with cheerful music familiar to children. You can use modern pop music. The most important thing is that it should be rhythmic, cheerful and emotional.
Collective lessons of children with musical accompaniment are perceived by kindergarten pupils much better, increase their emotionality. Performing joint exercises, children do not feel discomfort, not confidence, even if they do not succeed
You can use the step platform for classes with children:
- As equipment for the formation of basic types of movements: running, walking, jumping, crawling
- For outdoor games
- For relay races
- For performing rhythmic compositions, dance movements
- For individual and independent physical activity
Maya Drozdova
The problem of the physical development of children is one of the most urgent and priority in the work of our kindergarten... To develop the physical qualities of children, we use the following programs and technology: "Physical culture - for preschoolers" L. D. Glazyrina, dance and game gymnastics by Zh. E. Firileva, E. G. Saykina "Sa-fi-danse", an innovative technique - eurythmy, a technique of breathing exercises by A.N. Strelnikova. All this is aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of the child, contributes to the formation of the beginnings and habits of a healthy lifestyle, the foundations of physical culture, education in children of the need for physical improvement, in movement based on "Muscle joy"... The above include step aerobics.
Step aerobics - these are rhythmic movements up and down along a special step platform, the height of which changes depending on the difficulty level of the exercises.
Step aerobics develops mobility in the joints, forms the arch of the foot, trains balance, strengthens the muscular system, improves flexibility, plasticity, restores body tone, normalizes the activity of the cardiovascular system, helps to develop good posture, beautiful, expressive and precise movements, promotes harmonious development.
This technology does not require the purchase of expensive equipment. A step bench is enough, no more than 8 cm high, 25 cm wide, 40 cm long, covered with soft leatherette, which you can make with your own hands.
Working with steps start with a few simple but important rules:
1. Perform steps to the center step - platforms;
2. Bet on step-platform the entire sole of the foot when lifting, and, going down, put your foot from toe to heel before taking the next step;
3. Going down from step - platforms, stay standing close enough to her. Do not deviate from step - more platformsthan the length of the foot;
4. Do not start teaching children how to work with their hands until they have mastered perfectly the movements of the legs;
5. Do not rise or fall from step - platformswith his back to her;
6. Take a step with ease, do not hit step - platform feet.
Then comes the learning of the basic elements:
1. Basic step
2. Step feet apart, feet together.
3. Side step with touch on the platform or on the floor.
4. Steps with lifting onto the platform and bending the leg forward (various options)
5. Touching the platform with the toe of the free foot.
6. Step through the platform
7. Lunges to the side and back
8. Side steps to the right, left, forward, backward, with turns.
9. Steps at a corner
10.In - step
11.A - step
12.jumps (one leg jump onto the platform)
13. Jumping
14. Upper back muscles. Lying on your stomach, on step platform, the legs are on the floor, the arms are bent, the forearms are up. Take your hands back, return to and. P.
15. "Boat" on the stomach.
16. Adductors of the thigh. Lying on its side, put "Top" foot on the platform. Works (going up) "Bottom" leg.
17. Push-ups in the lying position become more difficult if the feet are fixed on the platform.
18. Back support, use the edge of the platform, is a good exercise for triceps.
19. A number of exercises for the abdominal muscles should be performed while lying on your back, on a platform.
20. Chassis - side canter to the side, in small steps.
Exercises for step aerobics are selected mainly of a cyclical nature (basically, this is walking, causing an active activity of the circulatory and respiratory organs, enhancing metabolic processes, simple in their motor structure.
The set of exercises consists of a preparatory and a main part. The preparatory part provides the body warming up, preparing it for the main physical activity. All exercises of the main part are performed on steppe in a light dance rhythm with a small amplitude. Complex ends aerobics breathing and relaxation exercises performed at a slow pace.
One complex step aerobics, as a full lesson, is performed by children for three months, some exercises, as they are mastered, can change and become more complicated.
Step aerobics performed to cheerful music familiar to children. You can use modern pop music. The most important thing is that it should be rhythmic, cheerful and emotional.
Collective lessons of children with musical accompaniment are perceived by pupils much better, increase their emotionality. Performing joint exercises, children do not feel discomfort, insecurity, even if not everything works out.
IN kindergarten we use the following options step aerobics:
In the form of full classes of a recreational and training nature with children of senior preschool age, lasting 25-35 minutes. ;
As part of the lesson (duration from 10 to 15 minutes) in the form of outdoor switchgear with and without objects;
In the form of morning exercises, which enhances its health-improving and emotional effect;
In demonstration performances of children at holidays;
how step entertainment;
Step-platform used varied:
As equipment for the formation of basic types movements: running, walking, jumping, crawling;
For outdoor games for both older and younger children,
For relay races,
To perform rhythmic compositions, dance movements, game rhythm and eurythmy elements;
For individual and independent physical activity.
An approximate complex of morning exercises for steppes with sultans
(senior preschool age)
Steppe are laid out in a checkerboard pattern.
Introductory part. Walking around steps change direction, running "Snake".
Main part.
1.I.P. Standing on steppe, hands with sultans below. Simultaneously with walking in place, swing your arms back and forth. (10 times)
2. I. p. The main stand. Step right from tapas, arms to the sides, return to and. n. Also to the left (5 times in each direction).
3. I. p. Standing on steppe... Turns left and right with free hand movements. (10 times).
4. I. p. Sitting on steppe, legs wide apart to the sides, arms extended upward. Tilt to the right leg, stretch with your right hand, straighten. To the left too (5 times).
5. I. p. The main stand, hands down. Swing straight leg to the side, arms to the sides (5 times).
6. I. p. Kneeling on steppe, hands behind your back. Sit down, hands forward, stand up, hands behind your back (up to 10 times).
7. Jumps. Leap onto the platform on one leg, arms crossed - apart above the head (10-15 jumps 4 times, alternating with walking on step platform).
Part 3 - Breathing exercises.
Traditional and familiar outdoor games can also be diversified using steps.
1. Game "Sparrows and the car"... Children sit on steps("In the nests"). The sparrows scatter around the hall to the cheerful music. On signal "Car!" they each run and climb onto their own platform.
2. "Homeless hare"... Everyone has it "Hare" your house ( step, a homeless hare stands on the floor. To rhythmic music, children jump from tapas and scattering jumping around the hall. At the end of the music "Hares" trying to occupy a house (step) ... Left without a house (tapas) the child becomes a driver.
3. "Giants and Dwarfs"... Column walking one by one around steps... To the teacher's signal "Giants" children get up on step-platform and rise on toes. On signal "Gnomes" sit on step.
Literature:
Kuzina I. Step aerobics for preschoolers // Preschool education, 2008 №5
Kuzina I. Step aerobics not just fashion // Hoop 2005 №1.
Dolgorukova O. Fitness aerobics // Hoop 2005 №6
Belova T.A. step-platforms in health-improving work with children // Handbook of the senior teacher of a preschool institution 2009 No. 7
Barabash T.L.Motor gymnastics "Step to the word" using steps// Handbook of the senior preschool teacher 2011 №12
During school years, it is very important to correctly form the mental and physiological health of the child. For the successful formation of the physical aspect, many parents prefer to give their children to various sections. In these sections, children learn a certain kind of sport. In recent years, children's aerobics has been very popular. What does this sport for children consist of and is aerobics really that good for your health?
Aerobics is considered the most a real and challenging sports destination... Judge for yourself. It simultaneously includes gymnastic exercises, various artistic elements, dance movements and elements used during fitness classes. Aerobics can be practiced both at home and by visiting a special section. All sports and dance moves should be performed to music.
There are whole varieties of children's aerobics. Let's take a closer look at them.
Main types
There are several varieties.
Dance
Involves performing a series of movements in a dance format. All movements used can refer to different types of dances. Such aerobics should last no more than one hour a day. The loads are moderate.
Each lesson consists of three parts:
Children of school age (7-13 years old) and older can practice dance aerobics. Thanks to such activities, the level of endurance in children increases, as well as coordination of movements. Dance aerobics helps to teach the child to a full and healthy lifestyle.
Beast aerobics... This species with an interesting name implies the performance of exercises that resemble the movements of animals.
Sports
This species is fundamentally different from all other varieties. It is considered the most real sports destination, which in the future may become part of the Olympic Games program.
This area has a lot in common with gymnastics.... Sports aerobics exercises resemble gymnastics. The only difference is in the degree of their complexity. The sports course does not imply the implementation of complex acrobatic movements, which are mandatory in gymnastics. This kind of exercise requires special training.
Children over five years old can go in for sports aerobics. Children often study in sections. If the child meets certain requirements (good flexibility, plasticity and strength data) he will be admitted to the sports aerobics section. The frequency of classes depends on the skills and abilities of the child. The first time the section is visited at least three times a week.
For the lesson, it is not only necessary to meet certain criteria, but also to have a certain type of clothing and shoes with you. Girls should stock up on gym shoes and a swimsuit, while boys should stock up on gym shoes, shorts and a T-shirt.
Exercise provides good physical fitness.
Step aerobics
Step aerobics children of different age categories can freely practice. All group lessons are based on an individually developed set of programs. The complex for classes is compiled taking into account the physical fitness of children. Also taken into account:
Exercise for children 10 years old and below step aerobics should consist of the following stages:
- The duration of each lesson is no more than 35 minutes.
- The lesson necessarily includes a small one.
- The exercises performed are health-improving in nature.
Step aerobics in itself has a beneficial effect on the health of the child. The movements performed teach children to keep their balance correctly. Classes develop the necessary dexterity, strength and speed. Step aerobics helps to better learn to navigate in space. The child's movements become more precise.
What does such physical education consist of for children
There are several sets of exercises used in the children's fitness program for preschoolers. They are just as useful as shaping and fitball. Let's pay attention to one of them. Considered by us