In particular, in Turkey there are:

a) near the coast:
1) sea urchins (usually near underwater rocks)

2) small stingrays (mainly sea cat)
,

sea \u200b\u200bfox)
3) poisonous scorpion fish

4) moderately poisonous polychaeta ("centipede")
- usually on the slopes of underwater rocks
5) sea dragon

- a very dangerous poisonous fish, lies in shallow sand, sometimes burrows in the sand. She is often confused with the harmless lizardhead. .
6) jellyfish (the most dangerous is quite common "sea nettle"
and rare portuguese boats

- in 8 years I met only 1 time).
7) Triggers - Turkish
usually not aggressive.
8) Mediterranean moray eels
. As a rule, they are found near rocks and piles of underwater boulders. The local specimens are usually no more than a meter long.
9) slightly toxic sea anemones (anemones)
. They are very small (usually no more than 10-15 cm), located among underwater boulders and large pebbles.

b) far (in open water)
1) single and flock barracudas
(usually small and non-aggressive)
2) very rare guests - pelagic sharks
. Divers - and they see them a maximum of 1-2 times throughout the summer.
But at first glance the harmless mollusk Cone (conical snail) - they got their name for the almost regular conical shape. These poisonous fish-eating mollusks are really capable of killing a person.
Cones are very active when they are touched in their habitat. Their toxic apparatus consists of a poisonous gland connected by a duct with a hard proboscis of a radula-grater located at the narrow end of the shell, with sharp spikes that replace the mollusk's teeth. If you take the sink in your hands, the mollusk instantly raises a radula and sticks thorns into the body. The injection is accompanied by acute pain leading to loss of consciousness, numbness of the lesion and other parts of the body, then respiratory and cardiovascular system paralysis can occur. According to statistics, one in three, or even two cases, of a prick with a cone spike ends in death. True, all these cases occurred through the fault of a person: attracted by the beauty of the shell, he tried to pick it up and forced the cone to defend itself.
There is nothing to be afraid of, but you need to be careful and careful.
In Turkey, it is much more likely to step on a broken bottle, kindly thrown into the water by some idiots, than on any of the dangerous inhabitants of the sea.
Pufferfish, According to fishermen from Bodrum, it is increasingly found in the coastal waters of Turkey. It turns out that this fish contains toxic substances that, when human body almost always fatal.

The habitat of pufferfish until recently did not extend beyond the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean, but a year ago, fishermen caught dangerous fish in the Mediterranean off the coast of Greece, and this year several cases of the appearance of this individual in the coastal waters of Turkey near Bodrum were recorded.

Such migration processes of these fish can be explained by the effects of global warming. However, adequate estimates of what is happening in the coastal waters of Turkey have not yet been reported. Fears were expressed only by local fishermen who caught poisonous fish. According to them, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish from other edible individuals, which is dangerous both for local residents and for tourists who want to go fishing in these places.
Safety regulations:

1. The warmer the sea, the more poisonous, deadly animals live there.
2. During snorkeling, diving under water do not touch anything.
3. Travel agencies, of course, are obliged to warn about the potential dangers of the visited country, including and about dangerous animals, but not the fact that you will receive such warnings. More precise information can be obtained from guides and local residents. It is important that local guides accompany you to dangerous places.
4. During breeding periods, even the calmest poisonous animals can be aggressive towards humans.
5. Sometimes a meeting with a poisonous creature in water is not as dangerous as there is a danger of drowning from the shock caused by acute pain from a bite, injection, poison, etc. Timely removal of the injured person from the water is a direct way to salvation.
6. Man himself poses a great threat to the underwater world. Be careful, accurate and polite with the underwater inhabitants and then this part of the rest will be as pleasant as possible.

FIRST AID AFTER POISONS OF POISON FISH AND BURNS OF MEDUZ
Coral scratches should be lubricated with a mild antiseptic.
When injected with spikes of sea fish or mollusks, therapeutic measures are carried out in three directions: neutralizing and removing poison, relieving pain and combating shock, and preventing secondary infection. It is necessary, without wasting time, to immediately suck the poison. To alleviate pain, the affected limb should be placed in a bath of hot water for 30-60 minutes. To combat pain shock, heart medications, respiratory analeptics, heavy drinking and small doses of alcohol are recommended.

At the first signs of poisoning: nausea, dizziness, itching around the lips - it is necessary to immediately cleanse the stomach with a plentiful drink of salt water, followed by inducing vomiting. Then give hot tea or coffee.
When stinging with jellyfish, wipe the affected area with a towel, any other tissue to remove the remnants of tentacles, stinging cells. To remove the latter, it is advisable to use a sliver on the affected area (PU) or wipe it with sand. Moisten PU with ammonia, soda or alcohol as soon as possible. I note that it is unlikely that tourists will bring a white powder called soda across the border, why look for trouble, but our tourists almost always have alcohol. In extreme cases, you can use a solution of sugar or vegetable oil. You can ask local residents what they use in such cases. In Tunisia, they recommend taking a tomato with you to the beach. Water cannot be used for these purposes! The poison is easily soluble in water, and can be transferred to healthy areas of the skin. Heavily injured need: 1. Reduce pain. 2. To weaken the action of the poison. 3. Prevent primary shock, loss of consciousness, respiratory arrest.

Stepping on sea \u200b\u200burchin, it follows, having gotten ashore, You can sit on a hedgehog, step on. Sharp short needles of sea urchins can pierce even shoes. Sea urchin responds quickly to changes in state the environment, and his needles immediately go in the direction of the stimulus, which may be an unexpected, something caused by a strong movement of water or the shadow of a person accidentally falling on an animal.
The injection sites where the ends of the poisonous needles hit begin to itch, burn severely, blush, swell. Loss of sensation may occur, up to muscle paralysis. Toxins of the glands of sea urchins nervous system. In the most severe cases, a person dies. In less severe cases, the pain decreases after about 15-20 minutes, and after 3-4 days, other symptoms of poisoning disappear.
In case of poisoning with sea urchins, measures must be taken to reduce the absorption of poison. The mobility of the victim should be sharply limited, quickly remove fragments of needles from the wounds, lubricate the wound with alcohol and, if possible, make a hot bath. and deliver to the hospital.
Cone Bite - Immediately after the bite, consult a doctor, he will prescribe an anesthetic and give the necessary vaccinations. Before transportation, the affected part of the body must be immobilized and a pressure bandage applied. You may need additional monitoring, and in severe cases, specialist intervention to maintain normal breathing. Although there is information that the bellied Cones (poisonous) that came from the Red Sea did not linger in the Mediterranean - but, as they say: God saves the safe!

Turkey is washed by four seas: in the west - the Aegean, in the north - the Black Sea, in the south - the Mediterranean Sea and in the north-west - the Marmara.

In this article you will get acquainted with a wide variety of the underwater world of Turkey.

Turkey has a very diverse world of marine life. In addition to beautiful, peaceful fish, there are also about forty species of sharks. We hope you are unlikely to be lucky enough to meet them, but just in case, read the safety rules.

Shark Attacks Avoidable

First of all, it is worth knowing that sharks never attack for no reason. They are shortsighted and can take a floundering person for a fish.

Another reason for the attack is protection (if you yourself provoke a shark). The predator can react to the smell and appearance of blood or even to bright spots in the form of shiny jewelry or a swimsuit.

In this regard, experts do not recommend swimming:
- In the evening, at night or at dawn (at this time, sharks are especially active, since this is the time of their meal);
-Near fishing boats and where there are large schools of fish;
-By oneself;
-In bright and contrasting bathing suits;
-If you have fresh wounds or cuts on your body (sharks can smell blood at a great distance).

Besides:
-Before swimming remove jewelry (chains, rings, earrings);
-Do not swim too far from the coast;
- If you are sailing on a raft or on an air mattress, do not keep your hands and feet in the water;
-In places where sharks may appear, try to swim calmly without floundering;
-It should be understood that the tactics of attacking sharks may be different - white sharks often make a sudden attack, it is also possible to attack from an ambush when a person cannot react in advance to the approach of a shark. In any case, it is worth resisting, and it is even better to take care of precautions in advance, since it is very difficult to predict the behavior of these predators.

If you are “lucky” and you have met a shark

How to behave in case of shark attack

If you see an approaching shark, try not to make sudden movements and smoothly begin to swim towards the shore. Remember that chaotic movements in water are perceived by sharks extremely aggressively. The shark does not attack right away, at first it swims a few circles around the "prey", and then can strike sideways.
In this case:
-Do not turn your back to her;
-keep calm;
- hit the shark with all your strength (from the side, in the eye, on the tip of the nose, in the gills - that is, in the most sensitive places) - it’s good if you have something at hand, because from the blows you can get abrasions and then an attack will be inevitable .
-Attack a shark, if it is already preparing for an attack, the right decision. However, in such a situation, the main thing is to overcome your fear. You should sharply pull on the gills, hit on the nose, stick a knife, a stone or even fingers in your eyes - there is a chance that the shark will recede. Although there are situations when a shark makes several attempts to attack. At the same time, one cannot make sudden convulsive movements and panic - then there will remain a chance for salvation.
-After a shark attack is already on shore, if damage has been received, it is important to stop bleeding, treat the wound if possible, apply a bandage and immediately seek medical help, even if the wounds are insignificant, since there is a risk of infection.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with part of the marine diversity of Turkey!

Barracuda

Great White Shark

Tiger shark

Bull Shark

Mako Shark

Longimanus

Blue shark

Giant hammerhead shark

Cat shark

Ocean Long Shark

Bull shark

Gray reef shark

Sand shark

Lemon shark

Seven-branch shark

Silk shark

Scorpion fish

fire worm

Sea dragon

Sea anemone

Stone perch

Jellyfish

Portuguese boat

Cuttlefish

Moray eel

Trepangi

Caretta turtle

Carp

Sea urchins

Sea stars

Crown of thorns

Mackerel

Herring

Danger - The Sun:

The main source of danger in the Greek seas is .... the sun. Do not laugh, from sunstrokes and overheating it gets sick hundreds of times more peoplethan from any other "natural dangers". The Greek thermonuclear sun, especially for the unaccustomed inhabitants of the north, can cause a lot of problems. What you need to do, and how to behave in the heat, and what food to eat you can read. And in addition to this material, I note a few basic rules:

1. Try not to go out in the sun at noon or the next 3-4 hours.
2. Use sunscreens with an SPF of at least 30.
3. In addition to sun protection, do not forget about panama, T-shirt and sunglasses. Regarding the latter, try to use high-quality glasses with protection of 100% from ultraviolet radiation. By the way, in any Greek optics store, you can check for free whether your glasses really protect, as it was written on the label, or you come across a fake.
4. Keep children out of direct sunlight. Exposing the child to the sun without protection can lead to serious illness in the future. Under the age of 3 years, the child is not recommended in the sun.
5. Drink plenty of water. The minimum necessary to maintain a normal water balance in the body is 1.9 liters of water per day at average temperature air 26 degrees 3 liters - at 32 degrees to 4 liters at 35 (and in Greece this is not uncommon). I also recommend reading what you can drink and what is not worth it.

Danger - Marine Fauna

“The most important principle of behavior with unknown representatives of the plant, animal and underwater world is not to disturb. They have their own lives in which they can well stand up for themselves in response to any action regarded as a threat. It’s better to enjoy an idyll with nature! ”

There are fewer dangerous inhabitants in the Mediterranean Sea that can harm humans, in any case, much less than in tropical seas. The threat of encountering a shark is so rare that over the years, none of the people who went down into the water in any of the zones of the Mediterranean Sea, even in the most secluded corners of it, did not see a single one (unless from the lips of fishermen and reporters of the "yellow press"). However, sometimes even completely harmless-looking animals can be dangerous to humans.
We will not exaggerate this danger, but nevertheless we will try to introduce you to the problems that may arise when contact is too close with marine life.
Sea inhabitants are of considerable interest to vacationers. It is always very funny to watch them, but do not forget that some underwater inhabitants can cause us very significant harm: to injure, bite or inject poison.
Whether you face this scourge during your vacation or not is unknown. In any case, the enemy must be known in person.

Danger -Sea urchins:

Second place of honor on the Greek beaches sea \u200b\u200burchins.Here they are called - Achinus (αχινού). On the "cultural" beaches, these "hedgehogs" are quite difficult to meet, but it is worth moving outside the "cultivated" zone and they are right there. Meetings with sea \u200b\u200burchins with unpleasant consequences for both parties, unfortunately, not uncommon. The Mediterranean Sea with salt and warm water is simply a haven for hedgehogs. They often form large clusters on sloping stone surfaces, starting from the shallow water off the coast. A careless bather, crawling ashore or wandering over stones along the water's edge, risks stepping on, or even grabbing, a hand for a sea urchin. The author of this material has repeatedly happened to deal with these creatures and even several times attack them. The "pleasure" from this was still ....

Prevention: In the habitats of hedgehogs, it is best to go into the water in rubber slippers. The approximate cost of bathing shoes is 5-15 € per pair, while the author recommends choosing products with a sole thickness of at least 1 centimeter. If you think that flippers dressed on your feet will allow you to boldly step on these “cute animals”, I will disappoint you. I personally checked, the needles of a sea urchin calmly pierce even the plastic soles of the fins. And it’s not worth talking about rubber. So, it is better to go around or swim by. By the way, swimming in shallow water, you can hook the "hedgehogs" not only with your foot, but also with other parts of the body.

What to do: the best cure for hedgehogs is vigilance! Before entering the sea in an unfamiliar place, take a closer look, since the water is clear, the black dots of the hedgehogs are clearly visible.

If contact with the hedgehog could not be avoided, most likely you will have to consult a doctor. Fortunately, first aid in public hospitals is free.

If for some reason you cannot get to the hospital, then: remember - the spines of a hedgehog are very sharp and fragile at the same time. They easily pierce the body and then just as easily break off. Removing the debris is quite difficult, and since the sterility of the hedgehog spines is not necessary, the affected area may fester. Sometimes the wound is delayed, and the broken-off thorn remains in the body, from where it can come out (or may remain in the body forever) after several years.

• hold your foot in very hot water (but do not overdo it, do not burn it!), and then try to pull out the needle.
• Regularly treat the wound with antiseptics and carefully monitor so that suppuration does not begin.

A local recipe is to grease a damaged area with olive oil (read cream or petroleum jelly) and gradually squeeze the thorns. I checked on myself - WORKS !!!

Local pharmacies also sell special tweezers for pulling needles from sea urchins, as well as a special ointment. By the way, I recommend using it for any contact with biting or prickly inhabitants of the sea, and it also helps against mosquito and mosquito bites.

Danger -Jellyfish:

In third place in the frequency of created "natural problems" in the Greek seas are jellyfish.
In the Greek seas almost never come across poisonous jellyfish (unless it accidentally comes from the Atlantic or the Red Sea), most of those who you get caught sting no stronger than nettles and the mucus secreted by them is harmful only in the eyes. Particularly unpleasant is a meeting with a purple jellyfish - the Adriatic thunderstorm is named Pelagije nocticulice. Seeing the purple back, it is better to go around the jellyfish.
Touching the tentacles of the jellyfish causes a burn that will pass after a few days or weeks.

Prevention: Avoiding drifting nippers is almost impossible. But it is known for sure that they are washed ashore after a storm. Avoid accidental contact will help a special anti-jellyfish Israeli lotion SafeSea, acting as a mosquito repellent or its counterpart Bites Reliever.

How to be: Touching the tentacles of the jellyfish causes a burn, in appearance similar to nettle.

First you need to remove the remains of the tentacles from the skin, do not rinse the damaged area with water - neither salty nor fresh. Sea water revive dried stinging cells, and when they get on them fresh water they burst, exuding plenty of poison. The affected area can be greased with food vinegar, alcohol, or specially saying goodbye in a "pencil" with ammonium Bites Reliever. In the future, lubricate the affected area with a special Fusidin ointment (antibiotic). In severe cases, an injection of pain medication may be necessary.

Danger -Octopuses:

It is only in the movies that huge octopuses attack people and sink ships. In fact, in the Mediterranean Sea, specimens of more than 3 meters in length and weighing more than 30 kg never come across. The real cephalopods, which you can get undergrowth up to 30 cm long and weighing up to 2 kilograms. In doing so they never do not attack people and generally carefully hide from them. In the event of an accident, such a "giant" (if he could not escape) will only release an ink cloud and wave his tentacles menacingly - beware, they say!

What is dangerous octopus for humans?

The worst thing about cephalopods is its appearance. By nature, he is very timid, and when a diver or scuba diver approaches, he usually hides under the stones. True, cases of an octopus attacking a person are extremely rare. This can happen to a diver when examining the hold or cabin of a sunken ship where a cephalopod is hiding. He has nowhere to go and he, defending himself, involuntarily attacks a person. Therefore, inexperienced divers in those places where octopus is found should avoid the grottoes and underwater caves, which usually serve as shelter for animals. There is a danger, albeit a small one, that, having penetrated into such a cave, the diver will be caught by an octopus if its tentacles can stay on the smooth surface of the jumpsuit. Once in a similar situation, the diver should not give in to panic - he has a knife, and this is a fairly reliable weapon in case of attack of an octopus. You should not start the fight with cutting off the tentacles. For the quickest release from the "hug" of the octopus, scuba diving experts recommend striking at his brain, located between the eyes. Until the nerve center is destroyed, the suction cups and tentacles of the octopus will act, no matter what wounds are inflicted on it.

A more real danger is the octopus venom. The octopus mouth is equipped with two powerful chitinous jaws, reminiscent of the beak of a parrot in shape. They cephalopod bite their prey, holding it with suction cups. In this case, the poison of the salivary glands from the pharynx and mouth enters the wound. The bite of the beak leaves little damage, but since saliva interferes with blood coagulation, bleeding is quite prolonged. The severity of the lesion depends on the type of octopus and, apparently, on its size. The first signs of poisoning: stitching pain and burning sensation at the site of the bite. Subsequently, these sensations spread to the entire limb. Tissues swell around the wound. When the poison is absorbed into the blood, breathing becomes difficult, the voice weakens, and body temperature rises. As a rule, recovery occurs in 3-4 weeks.

How to be: When a bite is called, call a doctor, and before it arrives, just try to urinate at the site of the bite. Do not laugh - a tool that has been tested for centuries is very effective, well, at least it will help you avoid more serious consequences.

Video Russian tourists talking with octopuses:

Hazards: Pisces:

Girls, that is, fish, are different - yellow, white, red. Of the fish in the seas surrounding Greece, the most common is only a stingray-tail (sea cat) which, although not particularly poisonous, is always ready to hit with a spike tail - a lacerated wound with stuck needles and slight poisoning are provided. The difficulty is that often the ramp buries itself in the sand and is easily mistaken for a regular pebble. Well, Scorpio, or the sea ruff, is not at all more pleasant, a meeting with which can put you in a hospital bed for several days .. But the following fish, although they are much less common, can bring much bigger problems.

Sea dragons (Trachinus)

- bottom fish with an elongated body, no more than 45 cm long. They belong to the Trachinidae family and are one of the most poisonous fish in the temperate zone. They live mainly in bays and bays with a smooth sandy or silty bottom and usually burrow in soft soil so that only the upper part of the head, mouth, eyes and spines of the dorsal fin are visible. Their lower jaw is longer than the upper, the mouth with small conical teeth is directed obliquely upward. The eyes are on the upper side of the head. These fish have two dorsal fins: the first, short, of 5-7 spines, the second dorsal and anal are long, with 21-24 rays in each. When the dragon lies half-buried in the ground, this black fin is clearly visible at a considerable distance. If the fish is irritated, the gill covers open wide, the fin rises and turns around, which serves as a warning to the predator. The little dragon can instantly jump out of its hiding place and with unmistakable accuracy to pierce the poisoned spine of the gill cover with the intended object.
The long sharp spikes of the gill covers and the first dorsal fin are covered with leather, only their tips are given out. The spikes have deep furrows. In these furrows and at the base of the spines are poisonous glands. There is no channel for poison. Probably, when injected with a spike, the glandular cells rupture, the poison is released and introduced into the wound along the grooves, like a syringe needle. The poison of the dragons is very strong. Like the venom of some snakes, it acts as a neurotoxin and hemotoxin. When injected with a poisonous spike, a painful, sharp, burning or stitching pain occurs, which lasts several hours or even a whole day without treatment. The affected limb becomes inflamed and swollen. Other symptoms included loss of consciousness, palpitations, slow heart rate, fever, headaches, light-headedness, severe vomiting, cramps, and shortness of breath. In severe cases, death may occur. Morphine usually does not provide relief.
Due to the hidden lifestyle, aggressiveness and highly developed poisonous apparatus, dragons are very dangerous for everyone who bathes off the coast, dives or wanders barefoot in shallow water, for fishermen and amateur fishers.
Never, under any circumstances, pick up a live dragon. Even a dead dragon must be handled very carefully so as not to be pricked by a spike, which can cause dangerous wounds.

By the way, according to local residents, the little dragon can be in the sand far from the coast. They get there in this way: seagulls, catch them from the water, eat tasty and safe parts, throw the leftovers where necessary. Even dead fish, as mentioned above, remains poisonous for several more days.

How to be: If you get a poisonous injection, you should immediately seek professional medical help. It is recommended to inject a few drops of a 5% potassium permanganate solution with a syringe into the wound to destroy the poison. This gives immediate pain relief and prevents inflammation. If this has not been done immediately and inflammation has begun, cooling lotions or hot poultices should be used. It may take several months to fully cure. The damaged part of the body must be immersed in very hot water that can be tolerated, and dissolve some oxidizing substance in the water, for example, potassium permanganate, which neutralizes the poison. In addition, cardiac analeptics and adrenaline with cortisone are prescribed to the victim.

Danger - environmental pollution:

And finally, environmental pollution. Although Greek beaches are considered one of the cleanest in the world, but this does not apply to all beaches. A lot of beaches - especially within the Athens metropolis, as well as near cities and towns, can be dangerous if there is garbage, broken glass and all kinds of sharp and cutting objects in the sand. If you or your loved ones are "unlucky" to cut a leg or other part of the body on the beach with glass, first make sure that there is no glass or other foreign object in the wound.
If not, then the wound needs to be treated: rinse with water, hydrogen peroxide (alcohol or alcohol-containing liquid), grease with iodine (in Greece it is called "Betadine") and dress.
If you are very worried, go to the hospital. Maybe doctors decide what to stitch.

Danger - Snakes:

There are far fewer dangers on land. In the country there is only one poisonous type of snake (viper, "feed" in Greek), the bites of which are easily countered by antivenin. Local scorpions ("scorpions") are nocturnal inhabitants and rarely catch the eye of tourists, but they like to sit on the dry stone walls of houses and rocks, where daytime heat remains for a long time. When walking over rough terrain with an abundance of shrubbery, boots with socks and long trousers should be worn and in no case should you poke your hands in crevices and burrows.

Danger - Insects:

In some mountain-forest areas there are a lot of ticks, so here protection measures against them, however - like from any other blood-sucking insects, will not be superfluous. Recently, there is evidence of infection of local ticks with Lyme disease, but due to the small number of tourists in the interior of the country, there are still no reliable statistics on this.

Local mosquitoes ("kunupia", "kunupya") are not carriers of malaria, and traditional repellents are quite enough to protect against them - in most cases, nets on windows are not even required. Nevertheless, when traveling through Aetolia, Akarnania, Thesprotia, the western regions of Elis and Attica, you should choose places of residence with nets on windows and even doors. A more dangerous Asian mosquito (Aedes albopictus), which is the spread of several viruses at once, lives in some mountainous areas in the north and west of the country. Therefore, here, in addition to thicker clothes and nets on the windows, it is necessary to provide for the presence of repellents. Sand fleas that are active at night on many beaches can also spread leishmaniasis and other dangerous infections, but due to the small number of sandy beaches themselves, this danger is not very relevant (however, repellents are quite effective against them).

Much more troubles are usually caused by bees, and especially wasps, which are quite active from August to October. They curl around tables and glasses with liquid, climb into your eyes, clog under helmets and are generally very annoying. There are no universally accepted remedies for these insects, but the Greeks themselves use smoke from burning coffee beans or simply dried coffee grounds quite effectively. To relieve pain from bites, it is better to use aspivenin, which is sold at any local pharmacy.

Danger - Flora:

There are practically no poisonous plants in the country, except for wild figs, the “milk” of which can cause moderate skin damage (parried with lemon juice, followed by rubbing olive oil). But there are a lot of sources of allergens, starting from mountain pine (April-May) and ending with numerous cereals (from April to June). A wide selection of antihistamines is sold in local pharmacies, but it is better to carry a certain supply (especially if you do not know the local names of the medicines).

Leg cramped Pinch your arm or leg as hard as possible, very sharply and strongly push the cramp in place with your thumb. Try straightening the cramped leg with your hands. Inhale deeply-exhale several times to improve blood circulation.

How to avoid. Do not swim for long in cold water. When flaring up under the sun, do not immediately dive into the water: a sharp temperature drop provokes convulsions.

Choked Most often, children involuntarily swallow water. Bend the baby over your knee so that the head is below the buttocks, tap on the back so that he clears his throat. If the child has lost a lot of strength, put it on its side.

How to avoid.Make sure that the child stays on the surface of the water.

SunstrokeIf a person suddenly felt bad, there was a headache, lethargy, it became difficult to breathe - he overheated in the sun. The victim must be taken into the shade, covered with a wet towel or put on his head a cool compress, create an air flow (fan with a hat or newspaper). Then call an ambulance.

How to avoid. Relax in the shade of a tree or beach umbrella, wear a hat, drink water without gas. Most often, sunstroke affects babies up to one year old, people with cardiovascular and endocrine diseases, hypertension and overweight.

PoisoningThe first signs are weakness and nausea, headache, diarrhea. It is necessary to rinse the stomach, drinking immediately with quick sips of 2-3 liters of boiled water. Then you need to induce vomiting. And so three or four times. If possible, consult a doctor. Calcium gluconate will strengthen the gastric mucosa and reduce the allergic reaction (usually the drug is taken 3 times a day).

How to avoid. Pay attention to the shelf life of the product and appearance establishments where you buy food.

Cut glass This is the most common injury among lovers of sea holidays. Rinse the cut with clean water, if there is vodka, cologne on hand, you can treat the wound with them. Then apply a clean dressing. To do this, it is better to have a bandage or at least a clean handkerchief.

How to avoid.Choose the "right" beach. If there is garbage and broken bottles on the shore, then the water will be the same. In unsafe places do not go barefoot and swim in special rubber slippers.

Riding a Banana This marine entertainment is often a source of injury. Sometimes “bananas” turn over, some “drivers” do it on purpose - without warning. On the beach, as a rule, they ride catamarans, jet skis, boats, etc. at the same time - collisions occur. Victims of water activities with fractures and injuries are often brought to spa hospitals.

How to avoid. Do not neglect the life jacket, fasten it carefully. If you are afraid of depth, then this entertainment is not for you.

Child Safety Rules
1. Never leave your child alone in water.

2. Position the resting place in the shade.

3. Buy your baby bright clothes, panama. In case of danger, you will quickly find your child.

4. Do not leave your child in a wet bathing suit, so as not to catch a cold.

5. Inflatable circles are better to have with different inflatable sections - if one is blown away, the other will keep the child afloat.

A bit about medical care and rescue services in Greece.

The telephone number for emergency services is 112 or 199.
Remember, in Greece there is no special rescue service, its functions are performed by local firefighters. Often they do not know or do not know how to provide first aid, as last years practically everyone was recruited into this service. In any case, call 199 (112) and try to report (in English or Greek) that a disaster has happened to you. If anything, they will call an ambulance on their own.

Perhaps this phrasebook will help you find a common language with your doctor:

Theme "At the doctor"
Στο γιατρό

• Phones: first aid, emergency services, road assistance
• Embassies and consulates of the countries of the former USSR in Greece

Foreword

Conceiving this site, I intended to limit myself to circular panoramas, the photos added by themselves, then creepy and terrible inhabitants of the Mediterranean surfaced from the depths of the sea.

Upon closer inspection, the monsters turned out to be some third-rate, suitable only to scare young children with them. In short, our sea clearly does not reach the Maldives with their abundance of all kinds of poisonous tropical reptiles. Nevertheless, I read what was written and was horrified. It turns out that the gentle and warm Mediterranean Sea is simply teeming with all sorts of creatures, ready to cling to the gentle, defenseless body of the swimmer, tear out a piece of meat from it, poison it or, at worst, it just hurts to sting.

However, for 15 years of searching for adventure and snorkeling, the biggest trouble that happened to us was the hopelessly spoiled swimming trunks, onto which a frightened octopus pulled out of ink with ink.

The main principle for anyone who wants to plunge into the depths of the sea is simple and unpretentious, like a rake: "Do not know - do not touch". The more dangerous animals and the more troubles it can bring to the bather, the more he behaves carelessly and draws closer to himself, naively believing that everyone around her is familiar with her bad temper and will not touch her.

If you are going to go wild stonebeaches, then the main principle of "do not touch anything" would be nice to add more special slippersthen no sea urchin is scary.

The leisure kit will be incomplete if you forget at home sunglasses and sunblock. Glasses should not only delay the visible spectrum of solar radiation, but the most important thing is to block ultraviolet radiation to avoid corneal burns. Sunglasses in Cyprus will not be superfluous even in winter. You can save a cream with a protective factor SPF 5, 10, 15 for central Russia, the rainy Baltic or foggy Albion. The Cyprus thermonuclear sun requires reliable protection. If you have not forgotten any of the above, then you will be happy in the form of have a nice rest and pleasant memories.

Seaweed can be a source of discomfort. Being a lover of swimming with a mask and fins in the crystal-clear water of Protaras, climbing a couple of times onto a steep stone coast, I sat on soft seaweed growing in the surf to remove fins. The consequences made me recall the old advice: "so that the bust is magnificent, put it in the hive." Beehive, not beehive, but there was a very persistent feeling that I sat in the nettle bushes. The stranded place then was terribly scratched, which added piquancy to the situation. Probably, in such cases, you can recommend the use of fenistil-gel, or any other cream for allergies.

Unfortunately, I do not have a camera for shooting under water, so I had to be content with the pictures found on the Internet. All photos indicate which site I dragged them from.

Let's start with a thunderstorm of the seas - sharks, rightfully considered the most terrible inhabitant of the Mediterranean Sea.

Unfortunately or fortunately, the current state of affairs is such that it is necessary to worry not about meeting with a dangerous predator, but that sharks living in the Mediterranean are threatened with an early and complete extinction. But still, what is the probability of meeting with a shark on the beaches of Cyprus?

Fireworms look very picturesque: their body consists of many segments of bright orange-red color. In each segment there is a bunch of beautiful and fluffy-looking white bristles. Many worms reach a solid size of 30-40 cm.

Jellyfish off the coast of Cyprus are quite rare, unlike the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Malta, Israel, which is teeming with jellyfish. But this does not mean that contact with jellyfish is completely excluded. Climate warming in general, and water in the sea in particular, is contributing to an increase in the number of these dangerous marine life in the Mediterranean. The jellyfish in the picture on the left was photographed off the coast of Spain.

Sea urchins cause problems for vacationers on the beaches of Cyprus, perhaps more often than all other dangerous inhabitants of the Mediterranean Sea. Meetings with sea urchins with unpleasant consequences for both sides, unfortunately, are not uncommon. The Mediterranean Sea with salt and warm water is just a paradise for hedgehogs. They often form large clusters on sloping stone surfaces, starting from the shallow water off the coast. A careless bather, crawling ashore or wandering over stones along the water's edge, risks stepping on, or even grabbing, a hand for a sea urchin. But in Cyprus there are no poisonous sea urchins.

Anemones belong to the order of marine strelniki. Sea anemones are quite widespread along the coast; they grow either singly or in colonies. Most of all, they look like harmless grass, only more fleshy. Often anemones in whole colonies settle in the surf, withstanding both the onslaught of waves during high tides and low tides.

Moray eels and their closest relatives eels have a long snakelike body. Here they can be really dangerous if you try to catch or feed them. Moray eels do not attack first, but alarmed people can become very aggressive. A mouth equipped with large, sharp, bent inward teeth does not raise any doubt about the dangers of such weapons. Despite the lack of poison, their bites are very painful and do not heal for a long time: there are more than enough infections on the teeth of this cute fish.

Those who choose the beaches of Cyprus for summer holidayI’ll say right away: the rabbit fish poses no danger. In the sand, like scorpion, does not burrow. He doesn’t attack a person, so he is with him in different weight categories, and he is found quite far from the coast. This story is more for those who are going to sea fishing.

The inhabitants of the Mediterranean Sea with a sufficiently high diversity of species, in quantitative terms are inferior to many other seas and parts of the oceans. In many ways, this is a consequence underdeveloped The first link in the food chain is plankton (phyto- and zooplankton). Its amount in the upper layers of the sea is only 8 - 10 mg / m3, at a depth of 1000 - 2000 meters it is 10 - 20 times less.An important factor shaping the underwater world of the sea is also the Gibraltar Ridge, which prevents the cool, oxygen-rich waters of the Atlantic Ocean and its deep-sea inhabitants from entering the Mediterranean Sea.

As we have already noted, the inhabitants of the Mediterranean Sea, with a sufficiently high diversity of species, are inferior to many parts of the world's oceans in quantitative terms. Algae, perhaps, among which peridinea and diatoms predominate, can argue with this statement.

Fauna of the deep sea

The brightest and most famous representative of the animal world of the Mediterranean are dolphins.

This is an ordinary dolphin, or a white-barrel and bottlenose dolphin, which we often see, in the role of an honorary escort of ships and yachts cruising along the waves of the sea.

The fauna of SM is also represented by:

• white-bellied seal;
• sea \u200b\u200bturtles.

Fishes of the mediterranean

Fishes are represented among the inhabitants of the sea depths by 550 species: sharks, mackerel, herring, anchovy, mullet, coryphaean, tuna, bonito, horse mackerel ...

Of these, 70 species are endemic, that is, they are not found anywhere else - stingrays, species of hamsa, gobies, sea dogs, guban and needle fish ... The most impressive are probably sharks and bluefin tuna. The weight of tuna, for example, ranges from 200 to 1000 kilograms and this is impressive. Tuna cross the Strait of Gibraltar twice a year there and back, during spawning in May and August.

Cephalopods and others

Among the inhabitants of the Mediterranean Sea an important place is occupied by vertebrates, which are represented by octopuses, squids, sepia, crabs, lobsters; many types of jellyfish, siphonophore, salp, pyros. In some regions, primarily in the Aegean, sponges and red coral are found.

Dangerous inhabitants of the Mediterranean - predators of the depths

• Sharks - they do not require special presentation (we talked more about sharks in the Mediterranean Sea in our article);
• Fireworms are bright, picturesque worms of the multi-bristle class, they are dangerous with their bristles, which stick into the skin and can leave a severe burn, as experienced divers say, in the places where these worms accumulate, the bristles easily spread through the water under the influence of the slightest movement of fins;
• Jellyfish - well-known inhabitants of the sea, can leave severe burns;
• Sea urchins - dangerous with their spines and not necessarily poisonous needles, a fragment of a thorn remaining in the body can cause severe inflammation;
• Moray eels are eel-like fish, very similar to snakes, its bite can be fatal for a person;
• Anemones - an animal that is better known to the general public as anemone, looks like a harmless plant, paralyzes its victims with poison, it is not recommended to attack;
• Rabbit fish - it’s Chimera, it’s also Fugu, or rather a variety of fugu, the fish has a dorsal spine at the base, which contains poisonous gland, is dangerous for lovers of sea delicacies;
• Cones are mollusks that prey on their victims with the help of paralyzing poison, the poison in some representatives of Cones is extremely dangerous for humans.

Invertebrates of the mediterranean

In Mediterranean cuisine, edible mollusks are very popular, the most popular of which are oysters, Mediterranean-Black Sea mussels, and sea dates.